Biology, ethics, and animals /

Rodd's approach to the question of the moral status of animals is unique because it seeks to bring philosophy and biology together, and does so by exploring what the theories and factual discoveries of the life sciences tell about decision-making concerning treatment of different species. Rodd examines taxonomy, anatomical structure, evolutionary kinship, and animal communication, as well as the relation of animal rights to ecological issues. In her judgment, this evidence leads to some of the following conclusions: the concept "animal" is inherently ambiguous; some animal species are so close to humans that they could well be classed as species of humans; some animal species are conscious, even self-conscious; and, there is verifiable evidence that some animals have beliefs, emotions, and interests. In addition to a critical assessment of the behavorist paradigm, and of deep ecology and sociobiology, Rodd discusses the killing of animals and the use of animals in research. Her approach to these issues is one of moderation and problem-solving, seeking to reform the way animals are treated while avoiding serious harm to human interests. She discusses guidelines for assessing pain, stress, and distress in animals, as well as the role of companion animals and work animals and the differing attitudes held toward these. Her position is that relationships between animals and humans bring mutual benefits. She also holds that simple consciousness in animals is sufficient to make killing a harm, even if no attendant suffering occurs; and she urges solutions that minimize costs to animals. A must for all concerned with animal welfare. Advanced undergraduates and up. -J. A. Kegley, California State University, Bakersfield