Evaluating nursing interventions : a theory-driven approach /

Sidani and Braden propose research and evaluation methodologies to be utilized in actual clinical settings. A theory-driven approach is proposed for conducting clinical effectiveness research. This approach allows the researcher to take into account multiple factors in the research design and approaches used. The Self-Help Intervention Project (SHIP), funded by the National Cancer Institute, is used to demonstrate application of theory-driven research. First described are conventional approaches to research, indicating that these approaches cannot provide explanation for multiple potential confounding characteristics, particularly in the clinical "real life" settings. The proposed theory-driven approach to effectiveness research incorporates the following variables in the research design: characteristics of clients; intervener characteristics; setting characteristics; and intervention variables. The concept of intervention integrity is reviewed. The authors define outcome related factors, characteristics of outcomes, selection of outcome variables and measures, and timing for outcome measures. Construct validity, validity for detecting change, responsiveness, and reliability are incorporated into outcome related factors. The authors' proposal gives nursing a realistic, scientifically acceptable, and practical approach to research which lends further credibility to nursing practice and to enhanced, effective, consistent patient care. Graduates through professionals. M. L. Hopkins Elmira College