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|a MAIN
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|a HG3881.5.I58
|b W67 NO.07/31
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|a Keen, Michael,
|e author.
|0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n84235502
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|a VAT fraud and evasion :
|b what do we know, and what can be done? /
|c prepared by Michael Keen and Stephen Smith.
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| 260 |
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|a [Washington, D.C.] :
|b International Monetary Fund,
|c 2007.
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| 300 |
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|a 1 online resource (33 pages) :
|b illustrations
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| 336 |
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|a text
|b txt
|2 rdacontent
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|a computer
|b c
|2 rdamedia
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|a online resource
|b cr
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|a "February 2007."
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|a At head of title: Fiscal Affairs Department.
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|a Includes bibliographical references (pages 30-33).
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|a Like any tax, the VAT is vulnerable to evasion and fraud. But its credit and refund mechanism does offer unique opportunities for abuse, and this has recently become an urgent concern in the European Union (EU). This paper describes the main forms of noncompliance distinctive to a VAT, considers how they can be addressed, and assesses evidence on their extent in high-income countries. While the practical significance of current difficulties in the EU should not be over-stated, administrative measures alone may prove insufficient to deal with them, and a fundamental redesign of the VAT treatment of intra-community trade required. The current difficulties in the EU largely reflect circumstances that would not apply in the United States.
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|a Print version record.
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|3 Use copy
|f Restrictions unspecified
|2 star
|5 MiAaHDL
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|a Electronic reproduction.
|b [Place of publication not identified] :
|c HathiTrust Digital Library,
|d 2010.
|5 MiAaHDL
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| 538 |
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|a Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002.
|u http://purl.oclc.org/DLF/benchrepro0212
|5 MiAaHDL
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| 583 |
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|a digitized
|c 2010
|h HathiTrust Digital Library
|l committed to preserve
|2 pda
|5 MiAaHDL
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|a I. Introduction; Boxes; 1. The Rudiments of VATs Peak; II. Evasion, Enforcement, and the VAT; 2. Equivalence of VAT and RST-When They Both Function Perfectly; III. International Aspects of VAT Fraud; Figures; 1. The Basic Carousel Fraud; IV. The Extent of VAT Noncompliance and Fraud; Tables; 1. HMRC's "Top Down" Estimate of the United Kingdom VAT Gap, Tax Years 2000-01 to 2004-05; 2. The VAT Gap in the United Kingdom, 1990-01 to 2004-05; 2. Bottom-Up Estimates of VAT Revenue Losses, United Kingdom, Tax Year 2001-02; 3. Estimates of the VAT Gap for Ten EU Countries.
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| 505 |
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|a v. Enforcement StrategiesVI. Conclusions-with Lessons for the United States; References.
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| 650 |
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|a Value-added tax
|z European Union countries.
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| 650 |
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|a Value-added tax
|z European Union countries
|x Econometric models.
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| 650 |
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|a Tax evasion
|z European Union countries.
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| 650 |
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0 |
|a Tax evasion
|z European Union countries
|x Econometric models.
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| 650 |
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|a Tax administration and procedure
|z European Union countries.
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| 650 |
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0 |
|a Tax administration and procedure
|z European Union countries
|x Econometric models.
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| 650 |
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|a Fiscal policy
|x Mathematical models.
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| 650 |
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|a Taxation
|x Mathematical models.
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| 650 |
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6 |
|a Politique fiscale
|x Modèles mathématiques.
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| 650 |
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6 |
|a Impôt
|x Modèles mathématiques.
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| 650 |
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6 |
|a Taxe à la valeur ajoutée
|z Pays de l'Union européenne.
|
| 650 |
|
6 |
|a Taxe à la valeur ajoutée
|z Pays de l'Union européenne
|x Modèles économétriques.
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| 650 |
|
6 |
|a Fraude fiscale
|z Pays de l'Union européenne.
|
| 650 |
|
6 |
|a Fraude fiscale
|z Pays de l'Union européenne
|x Modèles économétriques.
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| 650 |
|
6 |
|a Impôt
|x Administration et procédure
|z Pays de l'Union européenne.
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| 650 |
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6 |
|a Impôt
|x Administration et procédure
|z Pays de l'Union européenne
|x Modèles économétriques.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Tax administration and procedure.
|2 fast
|0 (OCoLC)fst01143633
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Tax administration and procedure
|x Econometric models.
|2 fast
|0 (OCoLC)fst01143642
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Tax evasion.
|2 fast
|0 (OCoLC)fst01143749
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Tax evasion
|x Econometric models.
|2 fast
|0 (OCoLC)fst01143751
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| 650 |
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7 |
|a Value-added tax.
|2 fast
|0 (OCoLC)fst01163890
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| 650 |
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7 |
|a Value-added tax
|x Econometric models.
|2 fast
|0 (OCoLC)fst01163894
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| 651 |
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7 |
|a European Union countries.
|2 fast
|0 (OCoLC)fst01269470
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| 655 |
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4 |
|a Electronic books.
|
| 700 |
1 |
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|a Smith, Stephen,
|d 1955-
|e author.
|0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2006058491
|
| 710 |
2 |
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|a International Monetary Fund.
|b Fiscal Affairs Department.
|
| 776 |
0 |
8 |
|i Print version:
|a Keen, Michael.
|t VAT fraud and evasion.
|d [Washington, D.C.] : International Monetary Fund, 2007
|w (OCoLC)140215362
|
| 830 |
|
0 |
|a IMF working paper ;
|v WP/07/31.
|0 http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no89010263
|
| 856 |
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