Migraine /

Migraine /

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Bibliographic Details
Author / Creator:Sacks, Oliver, 1933-2015
Edition:Rev. and expanded [ed.]
Imprint:Berkeley : University of California Press, c1992.
Description:xxiii, 338 p., [8] p. of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 24 cm.
Language:English
Subject:
Migraine
Migraine
Migraine.
Format: Print Book
URL for this record:http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/1505235
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ISBN:0520081013 (cloth : alk. paper)
Notes:Includes bibliographical references (p. 319-327) and index.
Table of Contents:
  • List of Illustrations
  • Preface to the Revised (1992) Edition
  • Preface to the Original (1970) Edition
  • Acknowledgments
  • Foreword
  • Historical Introduction
  • Part I. The Experience of Migraine
  • Introduction
  • Chapter 1. Common Migraine
  • Introductory Comments
  • Headache
  • Nausea and Associated Symptoms
  • Facial Appearance
  • Ocular Symptoms
  • Nasal Symptoms
  • Abdominal Symptoms and Abnormal Bowel-Action
  • Lethargy and Drowsiness
  • Dizziness, Vertigo, Faintness and Syncope
  • Alterations of Fluid Balance
  • Fever
  • Minor Symptoms and Signs: Pupillary Abnormalities, Horner's Syndrome, Bradycardia, Multiple Ecchymoses, Whitening of Hair, etc.
  • Organic Irritability and Photophobia
  • Mood-Changes
  • Symptom-Constellations in Common Migraine
  • The Sequence of a Common Migraine: Prodromal Symptoms, Modes of Resolution, Post-Migrainous Rebound
  • Concluding Comments
  • Postscript (1992)
  • Chapter 2. Migraine Equivalents
  • Introductory Comments
  • Cyclic Vomiting and Bilious Attacks
  • Abdominal Migraine
  • Periodic Diarrhoea
  • Periodic Fever
  • Precordial Migraine
  • Periodic Sleep and Trance-States
  • Periodic Mood-Changes
  • Menstrual Syndromes
  • Alternations and Transformations of Migraine
  • Borderlands of Migraine: Vagal Attacks, Faints, Reactions to Heat, Exhaustion, Passive Motion, Alcohol, etc.
  • Alternations and Concomitances with other Disorders: Asthma, Angina, Laryngospasm, Sleep-Disorders, Peptic Ulcer, Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn's Disease, Psoriasis, etc.
  • Differential Diagnosis of Migraine Equivalents
  • Concluding Comments
  • Chapter 3. Migraine Aura and Classical Migraine
  • Introductory Comments: Historical Descriptions of Migraine Aura
  • Specific Visual Hallucinations: Phosphenes and Elementary Hallucinations, Varieties of Migraine Spectra, Characteristics of Scintillating and Negative Scotomata
  • Specific Tactile Hallucinations: Paraesthesiae, Anaesthesia
  • Other Sensory Hallucinations: Auditory, Olfactory, Taste, Epigastric, Motor, Vertiginous, etc.
  • Pseudo-objectivity of Migraine Hallucinations
  • General Alterations of Sensory Threshold
  • Alterations of Consciousness and Postural Tone
  • Specific Motor Disorders: Weakness, Paralyses, Spasms, Seizures
  • Alterations of Affect and Mood
  • Disorders of Higher Integrative Functions: Complex Visual Distortions (Micropsia and Macropsia, Mosaic and Cinematographic Vision, Metamorphopsias, Visual Agnosias, etc.)
  • Complex Apraxias, Agnosias, and Distortions of Body-Image
  • Aphasias
  • Time-Distortions, Deja Vu, and Forced Reminiscence
  • Dreamy States
  • Migrainous Deliria and Psychoses
  • Illustrative Case-Histories
  • Comments on the General Structure of Migraine Aura: Its Differential Diagnosis and Distinction from Epilepsies
  • Classical Migraine
  • Postscript (1992): The Angst of Scotoma
  • Chapter 4. Migrainous Neuralgia ("Cluster Headache")--Hemiplegic Migraine--Ophthalmoplegic Migraine--Pseudo-Migraine
  • Migrainous Neuralgia: Synonyms, Typical Features, Illustrative Case-Histories
  • Hemiplegic and Facioplegic Migraine: Typical Features, Possible Mechanisms of Attack, Case-Histories
  • Ophthalmoplegic Migraine
  • Pseudo-Migraine: Organic Lesions Simulating Migraine
  • Permanent Neurological or Vascular Damage from Migraine
  • Chapter 5. The Structure of Migraine
  • Introductory Comments, Components and Functional Levels of Migraine, Psychophysiological Stages of Migraine, General Characteristics of Migraine: Relation to Sleep, Epilepsy, etc.
  • Part II. The Occurrence of Migraine
  • Introduction
  • Chapter 6. The Predisposition to Migraine
  • Introductory Comments
  • Overall Incidence of Migraine
  • Familial Occurrence and Inheritance of Migraine
  • Signs of Migrainous Constitution
  • Migraine Diathesis in Relation to Other Disorders
  • Migraine in Relation to Age
  • General Discussion and Conclusions
  • Chapter 7. Periodic and Paroxysmal Migraines
  • Migraine and Other Biological Cycles
  • Time Between Attacks: Relation Between Frequency and Severity of Attacks
  • Immunity Between Attacks
  • Signs of Approaching Attacks
  • Intrinsic and Extrinsic Determinants of Periodicity
  • Conclusions: The Notion of Idiopathy
  • Postscript (1992)
  • Chapter 8. Circumstantial Migraine
  • Classification of Provocative Circumstances
  • Arousal Migraines: In Response to Light, Noise, Odours, Weather, Exercise, Excitement, Violent Emotions, Pain, Drugs, etc.
  • Slump Migraines: In Relation to Eating, Fasting, Heat, Fever, Passive Motion, Exhaustion, Drugs (Alcohol, Reserpine, etc.)
  • Nocturnal Migraines, and Relation of Attacks to Dreams and Nightmares
  • Migraine Aura in Response to Flickering Light, Patterned Stimuli, and Visualisation of Scotomata
  • Miscellaneous Determinants: Food, Constipation, Menstrual Cycles, Hormones, Allergies, etc.
  • Self-Perpetuation of Migraines
  • Provocation of Attacks in Relation to "Tuning" and Homeostatic Limits Within Nervous System
  • Chapter 9. Situational Migraine
  • Migraine in Relation to Intolerable Emotional Stress
  • Preliminary Comments on "Migraine Personality" and Relation of Attacks to Repressed Hostility
  • Case-Histories Illustrating Wide Range of Situations and Character-Types in which Repeated Migraines May Occur
  • Part III. The Basis of Migraine
  • Introduction
  • Clarification of the Term "Cause" in Relation to Migraine
  • Necessity to View Migraine in Three Ways: as a Process in the Nervous System, as a Reaction to Certain Stimuli, and as a Particular Form of Experience
  • Chapter 10. Physiological Mechanisms of Migraine
  • Historical Introduction: Classical Theories (Humoral and Sympathetic), Vascular and Vasomotor Theories of the Nineteenth Century
  • Critiques of These
  • Liveing's Theory of "Nerve Storms"
  • Current theories of Migraine Mechanisms and their Supporting Data
  • Vasomotor Theories (Latham-Wolff) Considered and Disputed
  • Chemical Theories of Migraine, with Particular Reference to Acetylcholine, Histamine, and Serotonin: Critique of These
  • Electroencephalographic Findings in Migraine: Notion of "Dysrhythmic Migraine," and of "Spreading Depression" in Relation to Migraine
  • Limitations of Current Theory and Data
  • Chapter 11. The Physiological Organisation of Migraines
  • Introductory Comments
  • Migraines as Polymorphous Parasympathetic or Trophotropic Events
  • Migraine as a Slow Form of Centrencephalic Seizure
  • Consideration of Visual Hallucinations in Migraine and Their Cortical Basis
  • Hierarchical Organisation of Migraines, and Their Relationship to other Paroxysmal Events
  • Migraine Considered as a "Neural Task," with Fixed Ends and Variable Means
  • Chapter 12. Biological Approaches to Migraine
  • Migraine Considered as a Special Form of Protective Behaviour
  • Its Affinities to other Passive Reactions to Threat (Passive Fear, "Freezing," Sham Death, Pathological Sleep, Fainting, etc.)
  • Contrast of These Reactions to Fight-Flight Responses
  • Concept of the Migraine Archetype, and its Differentiation in Response to Human Needs and Human Nervous Systems
  • Chapter 13. Psychological Approaches to Migraine
  • Necessity of Considering Migraines as Experiences to which Emotional Values are Attached. Common Uses of Migraines: Recuperative, Regressive, Encapsulative, Dissociative, Aggressive, and Self-Punitive Attacks
  • Mechanisms of Psychosomatic Illness in Reference to Migraine
  • Migraine Considered as a "Vegetative Neurosis" and as a Special Form of Conversion Reaction
  • Attachment of Symbolic Value to Particular Symptoms of Migraine
  • Migraine Considered as an Archaic Form of Bodily Language
  • Conclusions
  • Part IV. Therapeutic Approaches to Migraine
  • Introduction
  • Chapter 14. General Measures in the Management of Migraine
  • Introductory Comments: Approach to the Patient and Role of the Physician
  • General Health Measures and Avoidance of Provocative Circumstances
  • Forms and Uses of Psychotherapy
  • Definition of Therapeutic Goals
  • Reasons for Success and Failure in the Treatment of Migraine
  • Chapter 15. Specific Measures During and Between Attacks
  • Introductory and Historical Comments
  • Drugs of Specific Use During Acute Attacks: Ergotamine, its Uses and Contraindications, Caffeine, Parasympathetic Blockers (Belladonna, etc.), Sympathomimetic Drugs (Amphetamines, etc.)
  • Symptomatic Drugs: Analgesics, Anti-Emetics, etc.
  • Miscellaneous Drugs: Legitimate and Otherwise General Measures in the Acute Attack
  • Management of "Status Migrainosus"
  • Drugs Employed in the Prevention of Migraine Attacks: Methysergide (Sansert, Deseril), its Uses and Dangers
  • Use of Ergotamine Prophylactically
  • The Role of Sedatives, Tranquillisers, Anti-Depressants, etc.
  • Other Forms of Medication
  • The Uses of Placebos
  • Histamine "Desensitisation"
  • Allergic "Desensitisation"
  • Hormone Preparations, Their Abuses and Dangers
  • The Place of Surgical Procedures
  • Conclusions
  • Chapter 16. Recent Advances in the Treatment of Migraine
  • Part V. Migraine as a Universal
  • Chapter 17. Migraine Aura and Hallucinatory Constants (with Ralph M. Siegel, PH.D.)
  • Introduction
  • Types or Levels of Hallucination
  • Hallucinatory Constants
  • Mechanisms of Hallucination
  • Self-Organising Systems
  • A New Model of Migraine Aura
  • Appendix I. The Visions of Hildegard
  • Appendix II. Cardan's Visions (1570)
  • Appendix III. Remedies Advised by Willis (1672), Heberden (1801) and Gowers (1892)
  • Glossary of Case-Histories
  • Glossary of Terms
  • Bibliography
  • Index
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