The priests and prophets,
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| Author / Creator: | Hoschander, Jacob, 1874-1933. |
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| Imprint: | New York, The Jewish theological seminary of America, 1938. |
| Description: | xviii pages, 1 leaf, 362 pages 24 cm |
| Language: | English |
| Subject: | |
| Format: | Print Book |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/1867414 |
Table of Contents:
- I : The priestly class Kemarim ; The abolition of their priestly office ; Solomon's foreign sanctuaries ; Their purpose ; The foreign priests of these sanctuaries ; The ancestral religion of the Canaanites under Solomon's reign ; Their status as aliens ; Their treatment ; Their support of Jeroboam ; The Aryan Hittites ; Their religious influence ; The Hittite bull-god ; The Baalim-worship ; Jeroboam's syncretisitc Jahveh-worship ; The religious attitudes of the Israelites ; Jeroboam's Canaanitic military force ; His election ; The loyal adherents of the Davidic dynasty in North-Israel ; The recoginition of the Canaanites as equal citizens ; Their anomalous position among the Israelites ; The amalgamation of the Canaanitic and Israelitish creeds ; Jeroboams's own religious conception ; The identification of Jahveh with Baal ; The Baalim representatives and emanations of the ancient supreme god of Palestine ; Historical parallels in Israel's history ; The priests of Jeroboam's sanctuaries ; The priestly rank of kings and chiefs ; The Festival of Jahveh as God of agriculture in the 8th month ; The position of the Vernal Equinox in Taurus ; The Asheroth and Asherim ; No Asherah in Jeroboam's sanctuaries ; His innovations of a ritual character ; The veneration of his memory by the pious Jehu-dynasty ; The attitude of the prophets toward his innovation ; The origin of the Mosaic rituals ; The three religious stages ; The Mosaic Monotheism ; State-monotheism and National monotheism ; The identification of the Baalim with the host of heaven ; The Heavenly Court in the visions of the prophets ; Jeremiah's monotheistic conception ; Deutero-Isaiah's rigid monotheism ; The belief in angels and Monotheism ; Zechariah's and Daniel's conception of angels ; The definition of angels by Maimonides.
- II : The popular conception of religion ; The prophetic teachings ; The ill success of the prophetic activity ; Isaiah's view on sacrifices and rituals ; Ritualistic performances by immoral persons ; The breach between the prophets and the priests ; Idealism versus realism ; The liberal attitude of the priests ; The piety of Judean kings due to their influence ; Their chief function of teaching ; Their teaching for hire ; The protest of Micah ; The ignorance of the poor ; The priestly principle of Truth and Peach ; Different views concerning external forms of worship ; The divine origin of the priestly ordinances ; The statement of Amos on sacrifices ; Its various interpretations Hosea's view ; The erroneous interpretation of Isaiah's views on rituals ; Micah's position ; His fundamental religious principles ; Psalm 15 ; Micah's Messianic message ; Jeremiah's conception concerning sacrifices ; Its correct interpretation ; His exhortation on Sabbath-observance ; The priestly prophet Joel ; His concern for the regularity of sacrifices ; The date of the drought ; Jeremiah's reference to the same event ; A comparison of Jeremiah's address with that of Joel ; Joel a true representative of the priests ; His style ; The criterion of a true prophet ; The conditional nature of prophecy ; The priestly prophet Ezekiel.
- III : The conception of piety and religious devotion in antiquity ; Moral conduct as the consequence of religious observances ; Demands beyond human power ; An excessive number of rituals ; The symbolic character of rituals ; A perfect state of human society ; The fear of punishment ; The principle "Fear of the Lord" ; Its rare occurrence in the prophetic literature ; The knowledge of the Lord ; The investigation of its meaning ; Hosea's knowledge of the Lord ; The covenant as connubial relationship ; Hesed and Emeth ; Ideal Israel ; The remnant ; Isaiah's knowledge of the Lord ; The Covenant as filial relationship ; The rebellion against a natural law The Messianic attribute ; The misinterpretation of the Messianic prophecy ; Jeremiah's knowledge of the Lord ; The term Emunah ; Habakkuk's principle of Emunah ; The definition of this term ; Jeremiah's disappointment ; His doctrine of individual responsibility ; Israel divorced ; Their claim of filial relationship ; The difference between Hosea and Jeremiah ; Belief and knowledge ; Jeremiah's own definition of the knowledge of the Lord ; The knowledge of the Lord gained by human experience ; Faith in the ancestors ; The fifth commandment ; Propagation of national creeds among other nations ; The testimony of written documents ; The ethical value f knowledge gained by experience ; The short-lived nature of Israel's faith ; Israel's faith in the Lord compared with that of Abraham ; The faith on evidence of a cumulative nature ; The religious conceptions of love and fear ; The ephemeral nature of empiric knowledge ; The want of faith ; Israel's faith in the non-Israelitish creeds ; Israel's claim to the property of their ancestors ; The guilt of the corrupt worshippers of Jahveh compared with that of the apostates ; The firm belief in Jahveh's power ; Superstition ; The prophets challenged to verify their predictions ; The fundamental import of the conditional nature of prophecy ; The plea of repentance ; Isaiah's induction into the prophetic office ; The obscure contents of his message ; The New Testament interpretation ; Isaiah's activity out of harmony with his induction ; The doom of Northern Israel ; No justification for a message of doom ; The survival of Israel ; The holy seed ; Jahveh's righteous anger ; The part of a seducer.
- IV : The prohibition of prophetic activities ; The danger to the ruling classes ; The force of habits ; The priests of the Jahveh-sanctuaries ; The leaders of fashion ; The ubiquit5y of moral corruption in the past ; Imitation of heathen customs ; The principle of equality ; Its renunciation ; The rise of a nobility ; The feudal system in Israel ; Inequality the fundament of Israel and Judah ; Equality the prophetic principle ; The nobility in post-exilic times ; The non-realizaiton of the prophetic ideals ; Aristocracy and Democracy ; Religion the most effective force in human affairs ; The prophetic testimony to the general oppression of the poor ; The intemperate habits and the debauchery of the wealthy classes ; Their defense of the state ; Foreign mercenaries ; The overthrow of aristocratic states by Assyria ; The carrying of the leading classes into captivity by Sargon ; The Israelites invited by Hezekiah to participate in the celebration of Passover ; The precarious condition of Judah in case of foreign aggression ; The social condition of Athens in the 7th century ; Solon's social reforms ; A great religious lesson in history ; The principles of justice and righteousness easy of realization ; Zedekiah's covenant with the people ; The breaking of this covenant ; An unprecedented crime ; The submission of the common people to the nobility ; The nobility left behind in Judah after the first captivity ; Ezekiel's testimony ; The impression of the first captivity on the common people ; The idolatrous practices of the Judeans in Egypt ; Their answer to Jeremiah ; The breaking of the covenant by the idolatrous nobility ; Their cruelty toward their own peers in captivity ; The territorial conception of Jahveh's power ; The condition of the captives in Babylon ; The universalistic principle of Ezekiel ; The celestial and terrestrial kingdoms compared ; The modern misconception of the prophetic universalistic principle ; The hypocrisy of the nobility.
- V : The prosperity of Israel and Judah ; The accession of Tiglathpileser IV ; The Western confederacy against Assyria ; Judah not a member of this confederacy ; Menahem's submission to Assyria ; The condition of Israel ; The rebellion against Menahem ; The geographical position of Tiphsah ; The people's approval of Zechariah's murder ; Menahem's cruel treatment of the rebels ; The reason for Menahem's joining the confederacy ; The confirmation of his kingdom by Assyria ; The consequence of his defection ; The years of his reign ; The murder of Pekahiah ; The feud between the two Joseph-tribes Ephraim and Manasseh ; Pekah's precarious condition as the murderer of Pekahiah ; His alliance with Rezin king of Aram ; Their intention to revive the Western confederacy ; Judah's refusal to join them ; The social conditions of Israel compared with those of Judah ; The effect of dynastic changes ; The military system of Assyria ; The change of dynasties in North-Israel ; The long duration of the Jehu-dynasty ; The denunciation of the nobility by Amos ; Israel being in more need of his activity than Judah ; Hosea's views of Judah ; Menahem's new nobility ; The permanency of Judah's nobility ; Judah's caste-system ; The Am-Haares ; The aliens in Judah ; Their religion ; Their treatment ; Their influence ; The mercenaries in Judah ; The Carians ; Their assistance at the overthrow of Athaliah ; Arabian mercenaries ; Hezekiah's pious warriors ; The Rechabites ; The foreign priests ; The etymology of Komer ; The term Chaldean ; The Philistine oracles ; The belief in foreign soothsayers an economic problem ; The engagement of foreign diviners ; The separate functions of the Kohanim and Kemarim ; An illustration of their positions.
- VI : The position of the Levitical priesthood ; The Levitical towns ; The acquisition of property by Levites ; The tribal distinctions under the monarchy ; Priestly descent a curse ; The Levites condemned to a life of penury ; The curse pronounced against Simeon and Levi ; The idea of this curse ; The priestly position of the Levites in Egypt ; Levi's blessing by Moses ; Simeon and Levi individuals ; Levi deeply impressed by his father's curse ; The story of Micah ; Levi's consecration as priest in Jacob's tribal sanctuary ; The succession of his children as priests ; The fate of Simeon ; The conquest of Jerusalem ; This city apportioned to the tribe of Simeon ; The reconquest of this city by the Jebusites ; The nigh annihilation of the tribe of Simeon ; The refuge of the remnants of this tribe among the Judeans ; Judah separated from the other tribes by a Canaanitic belt ; The emigrations of the Simeonites ; The high-priestly office in the temple of Shiloh ; The two priestly clans Eleazar and Ithamar ; The high priest Eli ; The priestly towns of the Aaronides ; The high priest Abiathar ; The priestly town Anathoth in Benjamin ; The seat of the chief sanctuary ; The home of the high priests Eleazar and Phinehas ; Gibeath-Phinehas ; The separation of Judah from the other tribes ; The reversion of the high-priestly office to the younger line ; The genealogy of the high priests ; The Judean chief sanctuary Hebron ; The high priest Zadok ; The chief sanctuary of Gibeon ; The poverty of the Levites ; The wealth of the priesthoods in all other countries ; The acquisition of landed property by the sanctuary ; The treasures of the temple of Jerusalem as national property ; The income of the priests ; The rise and fall of their fortunes ; Their pride on their priestly rank and descent ; Their material condition during a period of apostasy ; Israel under the influence of the Canaanitic civilization ; The lawgiver's provision for such an emergency ; His experiences in the wilderness ; The survival of Israel's religion in Canaan ; The priestly struggle for existence ; The spiritual superiority no cause for envy ; The reconfirmation of the ancient position of the Levites ; Israel a "kingdom of priests" ; The priestly rank of the first-born ; The Levites responding to the call of Moses ; The chronological order of the priestly ordinances ; The priestly rank cause of envy ; Korah's revolt ; The chiefs of the clans claiming the priestly prerogative ; The priestly ordinances prevention of envy ; The immigration of the Levites into Judah ; Levi's blessing by Moses ; Its reference to their substance and warlike qualities ; Judah's blessing by Moses ; The sympathy of the Levites with the poorer classes ; The governing classes of Judah.
- VII : Isaiah's family ; His induction into the prophetic office ; The other prophets ; The interpretation of Isaiah's message ; Isaiah as champion of righteousness, an aristocrat ; His belief in the divine right of the Davidic dynasty ; His doctrine of a remnant ; The stump of Jesse ; Deeds judged by environments ; Isaiah's protest against the high position of Shebna ; The cuneiform Shaphel-formatin of the name Shebna ; The first position of Shebna as a royal scribe ; His enmity toward Assyria ; His negotiation with Merodach-baladan ; The approval of Shebna's policy by the anti-Assyrian party ; Isaiah's opposition to foreign entanglements ; His rise as champion of the hereditary privileges of the nobility ; Shebna's successor as royal steward Eliakim ; The aggravation of corruption and injustice under Shebna's stewardship ; Micah's accusation of the ruling classes ; The removal of Shebna as royal steward ; A parallel between the Judean Isaiah and the Athenian Solon ; Democracy and Autocracy ; A dictator ; The autocratic Messiah ; Isaiah's belief in Hezekiah as king of righteousness ; The oracle against the Philistines ; Biblical chronology ; The date of Sennacherib's invasion of Judah ; The date of Hezekiah's illness ; The land of Immanuel ; Isaiah as tutor of Hezekiah ; The military force of this king ; His religious conduct ; His character ; Isaiah's disappointment ; His belief in the destiny of the house of David still strong; Micah's expectation of a righteous ruler ; Hezekiah's alliance with Egypt ; The conquest of Egypt the chief aim of Assyria ; Egypt's claim to the Syrian dominions ; The policy of the Egyptian kings ; The safety of Egypt ; The leading classes in the Western states bribed by Egypt ; Hezekiah subsidized by Egypt ; His embassy to Egypt ; His disloyal nobility ; The Ethiopian 25th dynasty ; Hezekiah's intention of entering into an alliance with Egypt during Sargon's reign ; Isaiah's oracle against Egypt ; Egypt's intrigues with Hezekiah after Sargon's death ; Shebna's negotiations with Merodach-baladan ; The latter's embassy to Hezekiah ; Its purpose ; Hezekiah's boast of his resources ; The danger of this boast ; Hezekiah concluding alliances without consulting the prophet ; The prophet ridiculed ; Hezekiah's implicit trust in the Lord ; The corruption of the nobility known to this king ; An autocratic state judged by the conduct of the king ; This conception generally held ; Judah's condition after Sennacherib's retreat ; Hezekiah's trust in the Lord in vain ; The religious condition aggravated by this conception ; The second illness of Hezekiah ; Hezekiah's tribute to Sennacherib ; Isaiah's description of this period ; The belief in the God of Israel undermined ; The religious conditions under the reign of Manasseh ; His hatred toward the Lord and His votaries ; An historical parallel ; Josiah's zeal in his reforms ; His restoration of the United Kingdom ; The establishing of his reforms in Samaria ; The refusal of the Ephraimitic priests to submit to the Mosaic law ; The return of the Ephraimites to the Mosaic religion before Josiah's reform ; The two periods of Jeremiah's activity ; His activity among the Ephraimites ; His collision with the Ephraimitic priesthood ; His appeal to Josiah ; His activity under the rule of this king ; His return to Judah after the death of Josiah ; His activity among the Ephraimites not in vain ; Religious ideas disseminated by force ; Josiah's covenant imposed upon the ruling class ; The seed sown by Manesseh ; The fate of the most righteous king ; The re-appearance of idolatry and corruption ; The people's conception of religion ; The battle of Megiddo ; Josiah's military exploit ; His perfect trust upon the Lord ; His ignorance of the real conditions ; His challenge ; The power of the Lord tested ; The real event of Megiddo ; Josiah murdered ; A pro-Egyptian version of this event ; The religious conduct of Josiah's successors ; Josiah an idealistic dreamer ; The discovery of the Mosaic code questioned ; Jehoiakim's policy with regard to the Jahveh-worship ; The reign of Jehoiachin ; The non-recognition of Zedekiah as legitimate king.
- VIII : The western confederacy ; Judah's refusal to join it ; Its reason known to the allies ; Their intention of overthrowing the Davidic dynasty ; Its results ; The realization of the prophetic teachings ; The danger to the religion of Israel ; Isaiah aligning himself with the Davidic dynasty ; The position of the Levitical priests ; The joy of the common people ; The former slogan of the rebels ; The depredations of the allies in Judah ; The softly flowing waters of Shiloah ; The new social order ; Its ephemeral character ; The arrival of the Assyrian army ; The son of Tabeel ; Tiglathpileser's campaign in Armenia ; His aid invoked by Ahaz ; The unbelief of Ahaz in Isaiah's divine message ; His fears ; Tiglathpileser received as benefactor ; Isaiah's description of his speedy arrival ; The outcome of Isaiah's advice if heeded by Ahaz ; The impression from the narrative of the Syro-Ephraimitic invasion ; The version of the Book of Chronicles ; Its historical sources ; The battle of Pekah against the Judean army ; The siege and conquest of Elath by Rezin ; Pekah's first siege of Jerusalem ; The second siege by the united forces of Aram and Israel ; The last six chapters of the Book of Zechariah ; The overwhelming evidence for their pre-exilic origin ; Their reference to the Syro-Ephraimitic invasion of Judah ; Judah an unwilling ally ; The views of the pre-exilic prophet ; His reference to the unsuccessful siege of Jerusalem ; The retreat of the allies ; The confusion in their armies ; The Judeans recognizing the hand of the Lord ; The attack of the Judeans on the retreating allies ; The peace between the Judeans and the Davidic dynasty ; The sally of the besieged ; The execution of the royal prince, royal steward, and grand vizier by the rebels ; The general public mourning for the royal prince ; The cutting off of three shepherds in one month ; Prophetic interpretations of historical reminiscences ; The pre-exilic prophet Zechariah son of Jeberechiah ; The faithful witness ; Chapter 14 ; Two prophecies mixed up ; The two tails of smoking firebrands ; Rezin and Pekah heads of the ruling classes and not of their nations ; Ahaz declining the prophet's offer of a sign ; Its reason ; The prophet's answer ; The former devotion of the Judeans to the house of David ; Their patience exhausted ; The prediction of Immanuel's birth ; The fulfillment of the prophecies ; The captivity of the East-Jordan and Galilean tribes ; The negotiations of Ahaz with Assyria unknown to Isaiah ; The separation of Ephraim from Judah ; The separation of the Judeans from Jerusalem ; A comparison of chapter 7 with chapter 8 ; The ambiguous legend maher-shalal-hash-baz ; The faithful witness ; The legend written in Hebrew and Aramaic ; The tablet to be exposed ; The naming of the prophet's son ; The overthrow of Damascus and Samaria ; The punishment of the Judeans in the near future ; The waters of Shiloah compared with the many and mighty waters of the Euphrates ; The pro-Assyrian and the pro-Allies parties ; Isaiah denounced by both parties ; The sanctification of the Lord's name ; Isaiah denounced by both parties ; The sanctification of the Lord's name ; Isaiah discredited in the eyes of the people ; The prophet's hope ; The living words of the Lord ; The binding up of the attestation and sealing of the oracle ; The current belief in necromancy ; Its practice prohibited ; A true oracle ; The prophet being challenged ; His activity in vain.