Environmental Kuznets Curves : a study on the economic theory and political economy of environmental quality improvements in the course of economic growth /

Environmental Kuznets Curves : a study on the economic theory and political economy of environmental quality improvements in the course of economic growth /

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Bibliographic Details
Author / Creator:Vogel, Michael P., 1967-
Imprint:Berlin ; New York : Springer-Verlag, 1999.
Description:xiv, 197 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.
Language:English
Series:Lecture notes in economics and mathematical systems, 0075-8442 ; 469
Lecture notes in economics and mathematical systems 469.
Subject:
Pollution -- Economic aspects -- Mathematical models.
Environmental economics -- Mathematical models.
Economic development -- Mathematical models.
Economic development -- Mathematical models.
Environmental economics -- Mathematical models.
Pollution -- Economic aspects -- Mathematical models.
Format: Print Book
URL for this record:http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/3827129
Hidden Bibliographic Details
ISBN:3540656723 (softcover : alk. paper)
Notes:Includes bibliographical references.
Table of Contents:
  • Acknowledgements
  • 1. Introduction
  • 1. 1 Why Does the Environment Matter?
  • 1.2. Patterns of Environmental Change
  • 1.2.1. Data and Techniques
  • 1.2.2. Continued Environmental Deterioration
  • 1.2.3. Continued Environmental Improvements
  • 1.2.4. Environmental Kuznets Curves
  • 1.3. Objectives and Methodology
  • 1.4. Overview of this Study
  • 2. Economic Determinants of Environmental Quality Changes
  • 2.1. Emission Accounting
  • 2.2. Unintentional Emission Reductions
  • 2.2.1. Structural Change
  • 2.2.2. Price Shocks
  • 2.3. Intentional Emission Reductions
  • 2.3.1. Opportunity Cost
  • 2.3.2. Materialism Versus Post-Materialism
  • 2.4. Valuing Environmental Quality Improvements
  • 2.4.1. Assumptions of the Model
  • 2.4.2. Shadow Prices as Opportunity Costs
  • 2.4.3. Shadow Prices as Net Present Benefits
  • 2.4.4. "Green" Net National Product
  • 2.4.5. Environmental Quality as a Flow
  • 2.5. The Emergence of Demand for Pollution Reductions
  • 2.5.1. Corner Solutions of Abatement
  • 2.5.2. Abatement Spending in the Course of Growth
  • 2.5.3. Emissions and Pollution in the Course of Growth
  • 2.5.4. Explaining the N-Curve of Fecal Coliform
  • 2.6. Concluding Remarks
  • Appendix
  • A. The Pollution Stock
  • B. The Implicit Abatement Function (Stock Model)
  • C. The Implicit Abatement Function (Flow Model)
  • D. The Implicit Emission Function
  • 3. Environmental Preferences, Socially Optimal Growth, and Pollution
  • 3.1. The General Model and its Dynamics
  • 3.1.1. Assumptions of the General Model
  • 3.1.2. The Social Optimum
  • 3.1.3. Environmental Quality and Growth in the Development Phase
  • 3.1.4. The Environment Phase
  • 3.2. Extension to n Dimensions of Environmental Quality
  • 3.3. Functional Forms for Utility and Environmental Quality
  • 3.3.1. Assumptions and Optimum Conditions
  • 3.3.2. The Development Phase
  • 3.3.3. The Environment Phase
  • 3.3.4. The Post-Environment Phase
  • 3.4. Is Environmental Quality a Luxury?
  • 3.4.1. Essential and Necessary Goods
  • 3.4.2. Engel Curves
  • 3.4.3. Preferences, Prices and Technology
  • 3.4.4. Why Environmental Quality Is Not An Ordinary Good
  • 3.5. Concluding Remarks
  • Appendix
  • A. Concavity of the Generalised Hamiltonian
  • B. Global Saddle-Point Stability 'in the Development Phase
  • C. Boundedness of Intertemporal Utility
  • D. Capital Growth in the Environment Phase
  • E. Abatement in the Environment Phase
  • 4. Income Distribution, Desired Environmental Policy, and Green Middle-Class Elitism
  • 4.1. Environmental Policy and Environmental Quality
  • 4.1.1. Public Goods and their Provision by the Government
  • 4.1.2. Abatement and the Pollution Tax
  • 4.2. Distributional Inequality and Pollution
  • 4.2.1. Assumptions about the Consumer Side
  • 4.2.2. The Households' Environmental Policy Choice
  • 4.2.3. Does Distributional Inequality Matter for Desired Policy?
  • 4.3. The Middle Class and Environmental Protection Issues
  • 4.3.1. The Middle Class as Environmental Elite
  • 4.3.2. Distribution and Public Support of Environmental Policy
  • 4.4. Sensitivity of Income to Environmental Policy Changes
  • 4.4.1. Assumptions about Income Level and Composition
  • 4.4.2. The Households' Environmental Policy Choice
  • 4.4.3. The Income Level Effect
  • 4.4.4. The Income Composition Effect
  • 4.4.5. The Middle Class as Environmental Elite (1)
  • 4.4.6. A More General Interpretation of Assumptions and Results
  • 4.5. A Private Supplement to Public Environmental Quality
  • 4.5.1. Private Defensive Expenditure
  • 4.5.2. Policy Choice when Defensive Expenditure is Fixed
  • 4.5.3. The Middle Class as Environmental Elite(2)
  • 4.6. Concluding Remarks
  • Appendix
  • A. Sufficiency of First-Order Condition
  • B. The Income Level Effect
  • C. The Income Composition Effect
  • D. Defensive Expenditure and Its Opportunity Cost
  • E. Desired Tax Rate and Fixed Defensive Expenditure
  • 5. Environmental Concern, Green Campaigning, and Corporate Lobbying
  • 5.1. Environmental Concern and Public Environmental Policy
  • 5.1.1. Environmental Concern as a Filter of Reality
  • 5.1.2. The Concept of Perceived Pollution
  • 5.1.3. The Household as Consumer and Voter
  • 5.1.4. Government Objective Functions and Endogenous Policy Theory
  • 5.1.5. The Government's Environmental Policy
  • 5.1.6. A Simple Functional Forms Example
  • 5.2. Green Campaigning
  • 5.2.1. Green Core and Grey Households
  • 5.2.2. Government Policy
  • 5.2.3. Optimal Campaigning
  • 5.2.4. External Effects of Campaigning
  • 5.2.5. A Tax on Campaigning?
  • 5.3. Corporate Lobbying
  • 5.3.1. Government Policy
  • 5.3.2. Optimal Lobbying
  • 5.3.3. Lobbying: External Effects and Taxation
  • 5.4. Green Campaigning Revisited
  • 5.5. Concluding Remarks
  • Appendix
  • A. The Opportunity Loss of Campaigning
  • B. Optimal Campaigning
  • C. Lobbying and the Opportunity Loss of Campaigning
  • D. The Effect of Lobbying on Optimal Campaigning
  • 6. Endogenous Environmental Policy and its Effects on a Growing Economy
  • 6.1. A Multi-Sector Growth Model with Pollution
  • 6.1.1. Assumptions about the Consumer Side
  • 6.1.2. Welfare Maximisation
  • 6.1.3. Assumptions about Production, Pollution, and the Use of Output
  • 6.1.4. Profit Maximisation and Optimal Capital Allocation
  • 6.1.5. Two Lemmas
  • 6.2. Government Objective and Policy
  • 6.3. The Development Phase
  • 6.3.1. Optimal Growth and Stability
  • 6.3.2. Goods Prices, Demand and Sectoral Structure
  • 6.3.3. Factor Intensity
  • 6.3.4. Pollution Intensity
  • 6.4. The Environment Phase
  • 6.5. Concluding Remarks
  • Appendix
  • A. Consumption and Total Wealth
  • B. Proof of Lemma I
  • C. Proof of Lemma 2
  • D. The Pollution Tax Equation in the Development Phase
  • E. Stability in the Development Phase
  • F. Factor Intensity and Factor Price Ratio
  • 7. Environmental Kuznets Curves: Limitations and Opportunities
  • 7.1. A Simple Concept and its Complex Realisation
  • 7.2. Environmental Kuznets Curves: Not a Cure-All
  • 7.3. From Cowboy Economy to Spaceman Economy
  • Symbols and Abbreviations
  • Figures
  • References

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