Toxicology of the human environment : the critical role of free radicals /
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| Imprint: | London ; New York : Taylor & Francis Limited, 2000. |
|---|---|
| Description: | xvi, 494 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. |
| Language: | English |
| Subject: | |
| Format: | Print Book |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/4486610 |
Table of Contents:
- List of contributors
- List of abbreviations
- 1. Introduction
- Part I. Spin-trapping
- 2. Chemistry of spin-trapping
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Types of spin-trap
- 2.3. Selection criteria
- 2.4. Structural assignment considerations
- 2.5. Conclusions
- 3. Spin-trapping: problems and artefacts
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. The redox reactivity of spin-traps and reagents involved in the radical cation mechanism; inverted spin-trapping
- 3.3. The Forrester--Hepburn mechanism; nucleophilic addition--oxidation
- 3.4. Detection of spin adducts in biochemical/biological systems
- 3.5. Cycloaddition as a possible cause of artefacts
- 4. In vivo spin-trapping--from chemistry to toxicology
- 5. Ex vivo detection of free radicals
- 5.1. Background
- 5.2. Ex vivo spin-trapping of short-lived free radicals
- 5.3. Nitrogen monoxide (nitric oxide, NO[superscript .], NO)
- 5.4. Conclusion
- Part II. Nitroxides
- 6. The metabolism of nitroxides in cells and tissues
- 6.1. Introduction and overview
- 6.2. Reduction of nitroxides in mammalian cells
- 6.3. Cellular oxidation of hydroxylamines
- 6.4. The toxicity of nitroxides
- 6.5. Applications of the metabolism of nitroxides
- 7. Clinical uses of nitroxides as superoxide-dismutase mimics
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Structural features and chemical properties of nitroxides
- 7.3. In vitro and in vivo toxicity
- 7.4. In vitro radioprotection by nitroxides
- 7.5. In vivo radioprotection by nitroxides
- 7.6. Protection against redox-cycling chemotherapy drugs
- 7.7. Nitroxides as functional imaging probes
- 7.8. Summary
- 8. Nitroxide skin toxicity
- Abstract
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. Materials and methods
- 8.3. Results
- 8.4. Discussion
- 8.5. Conclusion
- Part III. Toxic role of specific agents
- 9. Biological oxidations catalyzed by iron released from ferritin
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Iron-catalyzed oxidations
- 9.3. Biological sources of catalytic iron
- 9.4. Antioxidant defences for iron-mediated toxicity
- 9.5. Conclusions
- 10. The toxicology of iron
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Human conditions and diseases involving iron toxicity
- 10.3. From oxygen via iron to the hydroxyl radical
- 11. The role of free radicals in the toxicology of airborne particulate pollutants
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.2. Silica toxicity
- 11.3. Coal
- 11.4. Asbestos
- 11.5. Man-made mineral fibres
- 11.6. Zeolites
- 11.7. Smoke
- 11.8. Traffic air pollution
- 11.9. Nutritional and physiological antioxidants
- 11.10. Pharmacological antioxidants
- 11.11. Conclusion
- 12. Free radical mechanisms of ethanol toxicity
- 12.1. Introduction
- 12.2. Mechanisms involved in causing oxidative damage by alcohol
- 12.3. Free radical-mediated processes in organ damage by alcohol
- 12.4. Role of free radical-mediated mechanisms in alcohol toxicity
- 12.5. Conclusions
- 13. The role of cytokines in the inflammatory response
- 13.1. Introduction
- 13.2. Activation of TNF-[alpha] by THP-1 exposed to H-MG
- 13.3. Nitrosyl chloride in keratinocytes exposed to HD
- 14. Duplicity of thiols and thiyl radicals: protector and foe
- Abstract
- 14.1. Introduction
- 14.2. Background to the muon spectroscopy technique
- 14.3. Experimental section
- 14.4. Structural studies of thiyl radicals
- 14.5. Reactivity of thiyl radicals
- 14.6. Evidence for actual biological significance of thiyl radicals
- 14.7. Conclusions
- 15. Synergistic effect of carbon tetrachloride and 1,2-dibromoethane
- 15.1. Introduction
- 15.2. Carbon tetrachloride and 1,2-dibromoethane interactions
- 15.3. Conclusions
- 16. Reactive oxygen species in physiology and toxicology
- Abstract
- 16.1. Production of free radicals
- 16.2. Biological sources of free radicals
- 16.3. Toxicity of reactive oxygen species
- 16.4. Oxidant stress and signaling
- 16.5. Oxidative stress and inflammation
- 16.6. Oxidative stress in apoptosis, necrosis and cell growth
- 16.7. Oxidative stress and carcinogenesis
- Part IV. Free radicals in specific disease states
- 17. The role of free radicals in chemical carcinogenesis
- Abstract
- 17.1. Introduction
- 17.2. Stimulation of the arachidonic acid cascade, oxygen radical generation, and chemical carcinogenesis
- 17.3. Metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, free radicals, and chemical carcinogenesis
- 17.4. Metal-induced free radical generation and metal salt carcinogenesis
- 17.5. Endogenous oxygen radical generation and carcinogenesis
- 17.6. Conclusions
- 18. Free radical involvement in cardiovascular and respiratory diseases
- Abstract
- 18.1. Heart disease
- 18.2. Lung diseases
- Part V. Free radicals in the diet
- 19. NMR evaluation of thermally-induced peroxidation in culinary oils
- 19.1. Introduction
- 19.2. Materials and methods
- 19.3. Results
- 19.4. Discussion
- Part VI. Chemical models
- 20. The structure and electronic properties of oxy intermediates in the enzymatic cycle of cytochrome P450s
- 20.1. Introduction
- 20.2. Theoretical and technical aspects
- 20.3. Results and discussion
- 20.4. Conclusions
- 21. Spin-trapping--applications to photochemical and photobiological problems
- 21.1. Introduction
- 21.2. Photochemistry of photosensitizers
- 21.3. Free radical and EPR
- 21.4. Spin-trapping in photochemical systems
- 21.5. Spin-trapping of oxygen-centered radicals
- 21.6. Spin-trapping of radicals from photosensitizing chemicals
- 22. Thermodynamic considerations of free radical reactions
- 22.1. Introduction
- 22.2. Reduction
- 22.3. Oxidation
- 22.4. pH dependence of reduction potentials
- 22.5. Measurement of reduction potentials
- 22.6. Redox enzymes
- 22.7. Drugs, oxygen and metals
- 23. The use of QSAR for the prediction of free radical toxicity
- 23.1. Introduction
- 23.2. Identification of compounds likely to form free radicals
- 23.3. Acute toxicity
- 23.4. Skin sensitisation
- 23.5. Teratogenicity
- 23.6. Mutagenicity
- 23.7. Conclusions
- Index
