Clearing the smoke : assessing the science base for tobacco harm reduction /
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| Imprint: | Washington, D.C. : Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, c2001. |
|---|---|
| Description: | xix, 636 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. |
| Language: | English |
| Subject: | |
| Format: | E-Resource Print Book |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/4527214 |
Table of Contents:
- Executive Summary
- Section I. Introduction, Background, and Conclusions
- 1. Introduction
- History of Harm Reduction
- Definitions
- Nicotine
- Pharmaceutical Products
- Regulatory Issues and Authorities
- Committee Charge and Process
- Application of Risk Assessment to Tobacco Harm Reduction
- Operating Precepts
- 2. Principles of Harm Reduction
- Conceptual Framework for Harm Reduction
- Applications
- Comparing Other Harm Reduction Interventions to Those for Smoking
- Conclusions
- 3. Historical Perspective and Lessons Learned
- Tobacco Marketing: Early Health Claims
- Health Impact of Low-Yield Products
- Risk Perception
- Potential Influence of PREPs on Tobacco Use Behaviors
- Summary and Relevance to PREPs
- 4. Products for Tobacco Exposure Reduction
- Tobacco and Tobacco Products
- Pharmaceutical Products
- Other Potential Harm Reduction Methods: Behavioral Strategies and Tobacco Control Policies
- Regulation of Exposure Reduction Products
- 5. The Scientific Basis for Prep Assessment
- Tobacco Smoke and Toxicology
- Exposure and Biomarker Assessment in Humans
- Nicotine Pharmacology
- Cancer
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Nonneoplastic Respiratory Disease
- Reproductive and Developmental Effects
- Other Health Effects
- 6. Surveillance for the Health and Behavioral Consequences of Exposure Reduction
- Existing Tobacco Surveillance Systems
- Proposed Surveillance System Enhancements
- Issues and Limitations Regarding Surveillance Systems for Assessing Tobacco-Related Health Outcomes
- Summary and Recommendations
- 7. Implementation of a Science-Based Policy of Harm Reduction
- Next Steps: An Overview
- Principles for Regulating Potential Reduced-Exposure Products
- Summary
- 8. Principal Conclusions
- Section II. Evidence for the Science Base
- 9. Nicotine Pharmacology
- Basic and Human Pharmacology
- Pharmacokinetics
- Pharmacodynamics
- Research Agenda
- 10. Tobacco Smoke and Toxicology
- Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Tobacco Smoke
- Toxicity of Tobacco Smoke
- Assessment of Potential Exposure Reduction Products
- Synergistic Effects with Other Pollutants
- Molecular Biology Testing Tools
- Smokeless Tobacco Toxicity
- General Research Agenda and Recommendations
- 11. Exposure and Biomarker Assessment in Humans
- External Exposure Assessment: The FTC Method and Questionnaire Data
- Biomarkers of Exposure
- Biomarkers Estimating the Biologically Effective Dose
- Biomarkers of Potential Harm
- Host Susceptibility
- Genetic Predispositions to Smoking Addiction
- Biomarker Assessment for Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure
- Development and Validation of Biomarker Assays, Including Quality Control
- Conclusions
- Research Agenda
- 12. Cancer
- Mutagenesis and DNA Damage
- Carcinogenesis
- Tobacco Mutagens and Carcinogens
- Scientific Methods for Assessing Harm Reduction Strategies
- Lung Cancer
- Oropharyngeal Cancers
- Bladder Cancer
- Endometrial Cancer
- Environmental Tobacco Smoke
- Cigar Smoking
- Smokeless Tobacco Products
- Studies of Nicotine Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity
- Conclusions
- Research Agenda
- Special Issues in Study Designs
- 13. Cardiovascular Disease
- Coronary Heart Disease
- Extracardiac Vascular Disease
- Other Variables Influenced by Smoking
- Surrogate Markers
- Conclusions
- Research Agenda
- 14. Nonneoplastic Respiratory Diseases
- Biomarkers of Respiratory Diseases
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
- Asthma
- Respiratory Infections
- Summary and Conclusions
- Research Agenda
- 15. Reproductive and Developmental Effects
- Fertility Impairment
- Spontaneous Abortions
- Placental Complications
- Preterm Delivery
- Low Birthweight
- Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
- Congenital Malformations
- Cognitive and Behavioral Deficits in Childhood
- Fetal Lung Development
- Smokeless Tobacco
- Conclusions
- Recommendations
- 16. Other Health Effects
- Peptic Ulcers
- Surgical Wound Healing
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Oral Disease
- Dementia
- Orthopedic Consequences
- Ocular Disease
- Dermatologic Conditions
- Diabetes
- Renal Disease
- Schizophrenia
- Depression
- Weight Change
- Drug Interactions
- Fire Safety
- Parkinson's Disease
- Preeclampsia
- Summary
- Recommendations
- Appendixes
- A. Presentations and Submissions
- B. Committee Biographical Sketches
- C. Time Line of Tobacco Events
- Index
