Many-particle quantum dynamics in atomic and molecular fragmentation /

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Bibliographic Details
Imprint:	Berlin ; New York : Springer, c2003.
Description:	xxviii, 513 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.
Language:	English
Series:	Springer series on atomic, optical, and plasma physics, 1615-5653 ; 35
Subject:	Collisions (Nuclear physics) Nuclear fragmentation. Many-body problem. Quantum theory. Collisions (Nuclear physics) Many-body problem. Nuclear fragmentation. Quantum theory.
Format:	Print Book
URL for this record:	http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/4967189

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Other authors / contributors:	Shevelʹko, V. P. (Vi͡acheslav Petrovich) Ullrich, J. (Joachim)
ISBN:	3540006672 (alk. paper)
Notes:	Includes bibliographical references and index.

Table of Contents:

1. Kinematics of Atomic and Molecular Fragmentation Reactions
1.1. General Considerations
1.1.1. Definitions and Parameters
1.1.2. Fragmentation Reactions for Atomic Targets
1.2. Particle Kinematics: Fragmentation of Atoms
1.2.1. Momentum and Energy Conservation Equations in the Nonrelativistic Case
1.2.2. Transverse-and Longitudinal-Momentum Balances
1.2.3. Fast Ion-Atom Collisions: Small Momentum, Energy, and Mass Transfers
1.2.4. Fast Ion-Atom Collisions: Recoil-Ion Momenta
1.2.5. Relativistic Case
1.3. Ion-Atom Collisions: Illustrative Examples
1.3.1. Single-Electron Capture
1.3.2. Target Ionization
1.4. Photon-Atom Collisions
1.4.1. Photoeffect
1.4.2. Compton Effect
1.5. Particle Kinematics: Fragmentation of Molecules
1.5.1. Many-Body Dissociation of Fast Molecular Beams
1.5.2. Longitudinal Fragment Velocity Components in the Approximation z 0 = 0
1.5.3. Transverse Fragment Velocity Components in the Approximation of Zero-Beam Extension
1.5.4. Transverse Fragment Velocity Components in the Approximation of Zero-Beam Divergence
1.5.5. Fragmentation into Two Particles with Equal Masses
References
2. Recoil-Ion Momentum Spectroscopy and "Reaction Microscopes"
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Imaging Spectrometers for Ions
2.2.1. Time Focusing
2.2.2. Reconstruction of Momentum Components
2.2.3. Spectrometers with Position-Focusing
2.2.4. Electric-Field Distortions and Calibration
2.3. Target Preparation
2.3.1. Supersonic Jets
2.3.2. Atomic Traps (MOTRIMS)
2.4. Position-Sensitive Detectors
2.4.1. Wedge and Strip Anodes
2.4.2. Delay-Line Anodes
2.4.3. Multiple-Hit Detection
2.5. Imaging Spectrometers for Electrons
2.5.1. Direct Imaging of Electrons
2.5.2. Reaction Microscopes: Magnetic Guiding of Electrons
2.5.3. Reconstruction of Electron Momenta
2.6. New Developments
References
3. Multiparticle Imaging of Fast Molecular Ion Beams
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Basic Concepts
3.2.1. Distances and Times: Order of Magnitude
3.2.2. Three-Dimensional vs. Two-Dimensional Imaging
3.3. Detector Concepts and Development
3.3.1. Optical Detection
3.3.2. Electrical Detection
3.4. Image Reconstruction
3.4.1. Two-Body Fragmentation
3.4.2. Three-Body Channel
3.5. Conclusion and Outlook
References
4. Neutral-Atom Imaging Techniques
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Fast-Beam Apparatus
4.3. Detector Requirements and Specifications
4.4. Multihit Methods and Readout System
4.5. Data-Reduction Algorithms
4.5.1. Two-Body Decay
4.5.2. Many-Body Decay
4.6. Projection of the Multidimensional Cross Sections
4.6.1. Two-Body Decay
4.6.2. Three-Body Decay
References
5. Collisional Breakup in Coulomb Systems
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Exterior Complex Scaling: Circumventing Asymptotic Boundary Conditions
5.3. Scattered-Wave Formalism: Options for Computing the Wave Function
5.3.1. Time-Independent Approach: Linear Equations
5.3.2. Time-Dependent Approach: Wavepacket Propagation
5.4. Extraction of Physical Cross Sections
5.4.1. Flux-Operator Approach
5.4.2. Formal Rearrangement Theory and Scattering Amplitudes for Three-Body Breakup
5.5. Multielectron Targets
5.5.1. Asymptotic Subtraction
5.6. Conclusion
References
6. Hyperspherical {{\cal R}} -Matrix with Semiclassical Outgoing Waves
6.1. The Double-Electronic Continuum Problem
6.2. The '¿, 2e' Case: a Stationary Formulation
6.3. Outline of the Three-Step H {{\cal R}} M-SOW Resolution Scheme
6.4. First Step: Extraction of the Solution at R 0
6.4.1. {{\cal R}} -Matrix Relation
6.4.2. Local Properties of the Adiabatic Channels
6.4.3. Frame Transformation
6.4.4. Discussion
6.5. Second Step: Propagation of the Solution from R 0 to R max
6.5.1. Defining a Semiclassical Treatment of the R-motion
6.5.2. Solving the Resulting R-Propagation Equation
6.6. Third Step: Extraction of the DPI Cross Sections at R max
6.6.1. Definition of the DPI Cross Sections
6.6.2. The Flux-Based Extraction: A Specificity of H {{\cal R}} M-SOW
6.6.3. Structure of the Outgoing Flux at Intermediate Distances
6.7. Extracting the H {{\cal R}} M-SOW Single-Ionization Cross Sections
6.8. Comments on the Current State-of-the-Art in the Field
References
7. Convergent Close-Coupling Approach to Electron-Atom Collisions
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Electron-Hydrogen Collisions
7.2.1. Structure
7.2.2. Scattering
7.2.3. S-Wave Model: Proof-of-Principle
7.2.4. Full Calculations
7.3. Conclusions and Future Directions
References
8. Close-Coupling Approach to Multiple-Atomic Ionization
8.1. Introduction: Photoionization vs. Electron-Ion Scattering
8.2. Two-Electron Photoionization
8.2.1. Shake-Off and Two-Step Mechanisms
8.2.2. Ground-State Correlation and Gauge Invariance
8.2.3. Total Cross Sections for Ionization-Excitation and Double Photoionization of Helium Isoelectronic Sequence
8.2.4. Angular Correlation in Two-Electron Continuum: TDCS and Circular Dichroism
8.2.5. Symmetrized Amplitudes of Double Photoionization and "Practical Parametrization" of TDCS
8.2.6. Beyond Two-Electron Targets: Double Photoionization of Beryllium and Triple Photoionization of Lithium
8.3. Two-Electron Charged Particle Impact Ionization
8.3.1. (¿,2e) and (e,3e) Reactions on Helium
8.3.2. Second Born Corrections
8.4. Conclusion: Towards Larger Dynamical Freedom
References
9. Numerical Grid Methods
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Solution of the Time-Dependent Schrodinger EquationUsing Numerical Spatial Grids and High-Order Time Propagation
9.2.1. Time Propagation using Taylor Series and Arnoldi Propagator Methods
9.2.2. Grid Methods: Finite-Difference and Discrete Variable Representation (DVR) Methods for Spatial Variables
9.3. Mixed Finite-Difference and Basis-Set Techniques for Spatial Variables in Spherical Geometry with Application to Laser-Driven Helium
9.4. Mixed Finite-Difference and DVR Techniquesfor Spatial Variables in Cylindrical Geometry with Application to Laser-driven H 2
9.5. Conclusions
References
10. S-Matrix Approach to Intense-Field Processesin Many-Electron Systems
10.1. Introduction
10.2. The Rearranged Many-Body S-Matrix Theory
10.3. Applications to Intense-Field Ionization Dynamics
10.3.1. Intense-Field Ionization of Atoms
10.3.2. Recoil-Momentum Distributions for Nonsequential Double Ionization
10.3.3. Intense-Field Ionization of Molecules
10.4. Conclusion
References
11. Quantum Orbits and Laser-Induced Nonsequential Double Ionization
11.1. Introduction
11.2. The S-Matrix Element
11.2.1. Volkov Wave Functions
11.2.2. The S Matrix in the Strong-Field Approximation
11.3. Quantum Orbits
11.3.1. The Saddle-Point Approximation
11.3.2. The Simple-Man Model
11.3.3. Classical Cutoffs
11.3.4. The Long and the Short Orbits
11.3.5. An Analytical Approximation to the Complex Quantum Orbits
11.4. Results
11.4.1. The Choice of the Electron-Electron Interaction Potential
11.4.2. The Case of the Contact Electron-Electron Interaction
11.4.3. Distribution of the Ion Momentum and the Electron Momenta
11.5. Resonances and the Effects of Orbits with Long Travel Time
11.5.1. Channel Closings
11.5.2. Relation to Formal Scattering Theory
11.6. Conclusions
References
12. Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory in Atomic Collisions
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Basic Concepts of Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory
12.3. Time-Dependent Kohn-Sham Equations
12.3.1. Kohn-Sham Potential
12.3.2. Numerical Solution of the Kohn-Sham Equations
12.4. Extraction of Observables
12.4.1. Exact Functionals
12.4.2. Approximate Functionals
12.5. Applications
12.5.1. Many-Electron Atoms in Strong Laser Fields
12.5.2. Ion-Atom Collisions Involving Many Active Electrons
12.5.3. Fragmentation of Atomic Clusters in Collisions with Ions
12.6. Conclusion
References
13. Electronic Collisions in Correlated Systems: From the Atomic to the Thermodynamic Limit
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Two Charged-Particle Scattering
13.3. Three-Particle Coulomb Continuum States
13.3.1. Coulomb Three-Body Scattering in Parabolic Coordinates
13.3.2. Remarks on the Structure of the Three-Body Hamiltonian
13.3.3. Dynamical Screening
13.4. Theory of Excited N-Particle Finite Systems
13.5. Continuum States of N-Charged Particles
13.6. Green' Function Theory of Finite Correlated Systems
13.6.1. Application to Four-Body Systems
13.6.2. Thermodynamics and Phase Transitions in Finite Systems
13.7. Collective Response Versus Short-Range Dynamics
13.7.1. Manifestations of Collective Response in Finite Systems
13.8. The Quantum Field Approach: Basic Concepts
13.8.1. The Single-Particle Green's Function for Extended Systems
13.8.2. Particle-Particle and Hole-Hole Spectral Functions
13.8.3. The Two-Particle Photocurrent
13.9. Conclusion
References
14. From Atoms to Molecules
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Double Ionization of Helium by Photoabsorption
14.2.1. Energy, Momentum, and Angular Momentum Considerations
14.2.2. Probability and Mechanisms of Double Ionization
14.2.3. Electron and Ion Momentum Distributions
14.2.4. Fully Differential Cross Sections
14.3. Double Ionization of Helium by Compton Scattering
14.4. Double Ionization of H 2
14.5. Conclusions and Open Questions
References
15. Vector Correlations in Dissociative Photoionizationof Simple Molecules Induced by Polarized Light
15.1. Introduction
15.2. (V e , V A+ , ê) Photoelectron-Photoion Vector Correlations in Dissociative Photoionization of Small Molecules
15.2.1. Experimental Approaches
15.2.2. Electron-Ion Kinetic Energy Correlation
15.2.3. (V e , V A+ , ê) Angular Correlations
15.3. (V A+ , V B+ ,...ê) Vector Correlations in Multiple Ionization of Small Polyatomic Molecules
15.4. Conclusion and Perspectives
References
16. Relaxation Dynamics of Core Excited Molecules Probed by Auger-Electron-Ion Coincidences
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Experimental Approaches
16.2.1. Description of the DTA (Double-Toroidal Analyzer)
16.2.2. Mass Spectrometer and Coincidence Regime
16.3. Nuclear Motion in Competition with Resonant Auger Relaxation
16.3.1. Mapping Potential Energy Surfaces by Core Electron Excitation: BF 3
16.3.2. Molecular Dissociation Mediated by Bending Motion in the Core-Excited CO 2
16.4. Selective Photofragmentation
16.5. Dynamical Angular Correlation of the Photoelectron and the Auger Electron
16.6. Conclusions and Perspectives
References
17. Laser-Induced Fragmentation of Triatomic Hydrogen
17.1. Introduction
17.2. Signatures of Many-Body Interactions in Predissociation
17.2.1. Scalar Observables
17.2.2. Observation of Vector Correlations
17.3. Imaging Molecular Dynamics in Triatomics
17.3.1. Two-Body Decay
17.3.2. Three-Body Decay
17.3.3. Interpretation of Experimental Maps of Nonadiabatic Coupling
17.4. Outlook
References
18. Nonsequential Multiple Ionization in Strong Laser Fields
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Strong-Field Single Ionization
18.3. Electron Rescattering on the Ion Core
18.4. Is Momentum Conserved in a Strong Laser Pulse?
18.5. An Experimental Setup
18.5.1. The Momentum Spectrometer
18.5.2. The Laser System
18.6. Neon Multiple Ionization
18.7. Argon Double Ionization: The Differences Compared to Neon
18.8. Conclusions and Perspectives
References
19. Helium Double Ionization in Collisions with Electrons
19.1. Introduction
19.2. Experimental Setup
19.3. Low Momentum Transfer Collisions
19.4. Impulsive Collisions with Large Momentum Transfer
19.5. Conclusion and Outlook
References
20. Fast p-He Transfer Ionization Processes: A Window to Reveal the Non-s 2 Contributions in the Momentum Wave Function of Ground-State He
20.1. Introduction
20.2. Experimental Technique
20.3. Experimental Results and Discussion of Observed Momentum Patterns
20.4. Shake-Off Process From Non-s 2 Contributions
20.5. Conclusions
References
21. Single and Multiple Ionizationin Strong Ion-Induced Fields
21.1. Introduction
21.2. Interaction of Ion-Generated Strong Fields with Atoms and Single Ionization
21.2.1. Ion-Generated Fields
21.2.2. Single Ionization at Small Perturbations
21.2.3. Single Ionization for Strong Ion-Induced Fields at Large Perturbations
21.3. Double Ionization in Ion-Generated Strong Fields
21.3.1. Basic Mechanisms of Double Ionization
21.3.2. Double Ionization at Strong Perturbations
21.4. Multiple Ionization in Ion-Generated Strong Fields
21.5. A View Into the Future
21.5.1. Experiments in Storage Rings
21.5.2. Laser-Assisted Collisions
References
22. Coulomb-Explosion Imaging Studies of Molecular Relaxation and Rearrangement
22.1. Foil-induced Coulomb-Explosion Imaging
22.2. Experimental Procedure
22.3. Selected Results
22.3.1. Radiative Vibrational Relaxation of HD +
22.3.2. The Quasilinear Molecule {{\rm CH}}_2^+
22.4. Outlook
References
23. Charged-Particle-Induced Molecular Fragmentation at Large Velocities
23.1. Introduction
23.2. Molecular Fragmentation
23.2.1. Branching Ratios and Multielectron Removal Cross Sections
23.2.2. Orientation Effect
23.3. Fragmentation Dynamics
23.3.1. Non-Coulombic Fragmentation
23.3.2. Polyatomic Molecules
23.3.3. Projectile Momentum Transfer
23.4. Conclusion and Future Trends
References
24. Electron-Interaction Effects in Ion-Induced Rearrangement and Ionization Dynamics: A Theoretical Perspective
24.1. Introduction
24.2. Classification of Electron-Interaction Effects: A Density Functional Approach
24.2.1. Effects Associated with the Kohn-Sham Potential
24.2.2. Effects Associated with the Density Dependence of Observables
24.3. Identification of Electron-Interaction Effects: Comparison with Experiment
24.3.1. Static Exchange Effects
24.3.2. Response Effects
24.3.3. Pauli Blocking
24.3.4. What Lies Beyond: Correlation Effects
24.4. Concluding Remarks
References
25. Ionization Dynamics in Atomic Collisions
25.1. Introduction
25.2. Theory of Hidden Crossings
25.2.1. General Formalism
25.2.2. S-Ionization and Superpromotion
25.2.3. T-Ionization and Saddle-Point Electrons
25.2.4. D-Ionization and Radial Decoupling
25.3. Sturmian Theory
25.3.1. Scale Transformation of Solov'ev-Vinitsky
25.3.2. Sturmian Basis
25.3.3. Wave Functions and Transition Amplitudes in Fourier Space
25.4. Results of Calculations
25.4.1. Differential Cross Sections
25.4.2. Total Cross Sections
25.5. Conclusions
References
26. Fragment-Imaging Studies of Dissociative Recombination
26.1. Dissociative Recombination
26.2. Experimental Method
26.3. Diatomic Molecules
26.3.1. Branching Ratios for the Hydrogen Molecular Ion
26.3.2. Noncrossing Mode Recombination (HeH + )
26.3.3. Metastable States in CH +
26.3.4. {{\rm O}}_2^+ and Similar, Atomspherically Relevant Species
26.4. Small Polyatomic Molecules
26.4.1. General Experimental Aspects
26.4.2. Triatomic Hydrogen ( {{\rm H}}_3^+ )
26.4.3. The Water Ion
26.5. Conclusions and Outlook
References
Index

Many-particle quantum dynamics in atomic and molecular fragmentation /

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