Growing public : social spending and economic growth since the eighteenth century /
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| Author / Creator: | Lindert, Peter H. |
|---|---|
| Imprint: | Cambridge, UK ; New York : Cambridge, c2004. |
| Description: | 2 v. : ill. ; 23 cm. |
| Language: | English |
| Subject: | |
| Format: | Print Book |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/5082260 |
Table of Contents:
- Preface to Volume I
- Part 1. Overview
- 1.. Patterns and Puzzles
- Controversy
- The Road from Here
- Taxing, Spending, and Giving in the Late Eighteenth Century
- Poor Relief, Public and Private
- The Elderly
- Public Education
- The Long Rise of Social Spending
- The Robin Hood Paradox
- Is the Welfare State a Free Lunch?
- An Educational Puzzle
- 2.. Findings
- Nine Conclusions
- How Social Spending Emerged before World War II
- Lessons from the Postwar Boom
- Since 1980, Aging Has Brought New Budget Pressures
- Unlocking the Free-Lunch Puzzle
- How Welfare States Control the Disincentives
- Early Retirement: A True, but Limited, Cost
- The Pro-Growth Side of High Social Spending
- Reconciling Europe's Unemployment with Its Satisfactory Growth
- Two Cost-Cutting Principles in Democratic Welfare States
- Part 2. The Rise of Social Spending
- 3.. Poor Relief before 1880
- How Much Did Europe Give the Poor before 1880?
- Private Charity in Early Modern Europe: A Miscellany of Pittances
- The Amounts of Public Poor Relief to 1880
- How Europe Gave Relief and for What
- The Eternal Search for the Worthy and Unworthy Poor
- The Battle over Putting the Poor to Work
- Indoor versus Outdoor Relief
- Administrative Costs
- What They Gave: Cash versus Aid in Kind
- Who Received It
- Town versus Country
- American Private and Public Relief before the New Deal
- How Much Public Relief Was Given
- Private Charity in the United States and the Crowding Out Issue
- Two Attacks on Outdoor Relief in New York
- Summary
- 4.. Interpreting the Puzzles of Early Poor Relief
- The Rise and Fall of England's Old Poor Law, 1780-1834
- Who Supported England's Old Poor Law?
- The Reform Acts, Voice, and the Poor
- The Rural-Urban Puzzle
- If England Were Invisible: The Urban Bias in Poor Relief
- England's Rural Southeastern Bias and the Boyer Model
- An Extension to Scandinavia
- The International Stagnation of Relief, 1820-1880
- The Predicted Effects of Extending the Franchise
- The General Pre-1930 Pattern of Votes and Social Spending
- Local versus Central Government: What Happened to the "Race to the Bottom?"
- Summary: Political Voice and Poor Relief
- 5.. The Rise of Mass Public Schooling before 1914
- Overview
- To Be Explained: Patterns in the Inputs into Mass Schooling
- Competing Theories
- Updating the Elite-Pressure Theories
- Landlords and Toryism
- Capitalist Social Control
- Domineering Government
- Dominant Religions
- Vested Interests within the Educational Sector
- The Role of Decentralization
- Popular Votes, Public Schools
- But What Caused Democracy?
- Reverse Causation from Schooling to Democracy?
- Religious Diversity and the Rise of Democracy and Schooling
- Reinterpreting National Histories of Mass Schooling
- France, the Baseline Case
- The English Delay
- Rethinking German Education
- Decentralized North America
- Summary: Elites, Votes, and Schools
- 6.. Public Schooling in the Twentieth Century: What Happened to U.S. Leadership?
- Who Are the Leaders?
- In Years of Education
- In Learning
- International Test Scores at the End of the Twentieth Century
- When Did This Pattern Emerge?
- In Inputs into Education
- Taxpayer Effort on Behalf of Education
- Expenditures per Student
- Teaching Inputs per Student
- Teachers' Pay and Quality
- Summing Up the United States' Symptoms
- The Underlying Incentive Issues
- Quantity Incentives versus Quality Incentives
- Student Accountability
- Competition among Schools
- The Long Sweep of U.S. School Choice
- Analyses of Local Experience with School Choice
- Deviant California
- Choice in Higher Education
- Subsidized School Choice in Other Countries
- Rewarding Individual Teacher Performance
- Conclusions: Which Explanations Fit the Symptoms?
- 7.. Explaining the Rise of Social Transfers Since 1880
- Who Were the Pioneers before 1930?
- Shared Fears from World Wars and the Great Depression
- The Role of Political Voice
- Democracies, Elite Democracies, and Full Democracies
- Votes for Women
- The Rate of Turnover of the Chief Executive
- The Role of Aging: Gray Power?
- Globalization and Safety Nets
- Social Affinity: "That Could Be Me"
- Summary
- Part 3. Prospects for Social Transfers
- 8.. The Public Pension Crisis
- In an Older World, Something Has to Give
- Pressures in the OECD Countries
- Who Is Most Threatened by Population Aging?
- Who Is Least Prepared?
- How Will Budgets Be Adjusted?
- Immigrants and Pensioners
- Returning to a Fully-Funded System Is Unlikely
- Summary
- 9.. Social Transfers in the Second and Third Worlds
- The Aging Trend Is Nearly Global
- Special Pressures in Transition Economies
- Third World Social Transfers
- Are they on a Different Path?
- East Asia Is Not So Different
- A Different Kind of Pension Crisis
- Global Divergence, Convergence, and the Robin Hood Paradox
- Part 4. What Effects on Economic Growth?
- 10.. Keys to the Free-Lunch Puzzle
- The Familiar Cautionary Tales Miss the Mark
- Disincentives on the Blackboard
- Harold and Phyllis
- Micro-Studies of Labor Supply
- Simulations
- Global Growth Econometrics
- What Better Tests Show
- How Can That Be True?
- The Welfare-State Style of Taxing: Pro-Growth and Not So Progressive
- Recipients' Work Incentives
- The Poor May Face Lower Work Disincentives in the Welfare State
- Early Retirement: Good Riddance to Old Lemons?
- Does the Dole Also Harvest Lemons?
- Some Growth Benefits of High Social Transfers
- Active Labor Market Policies: Not Much There
- Child Care Support and Career Investment in Mothers
- Public Health Care
- Why These Keys?
- 11.. On the Well-Known Demise of the Swedish Welfare State
- Who Proclaimed It and How
- Sweden's Growth and Social Spending Since 1950
- What Went Wrong after the 1970s?
- Macroeconomic Policy
- The Demise of Swedish Corporatism
- What Role for Sweden's High Tax Rates?
- What Survived: Pro-Growth Social Spending
- Investing in Women's Work and in Child Care
- Education and Retraining
- Late Retirement
- Conclusions: Why No Demise
- 12.. How the Keys Were Made: Democracy and Cost Control
- Democracy, Budget Size, and Budget Blunders
- Big Budget, High Stakes
- Illustrative Tax-Transfer Blunders
- Dutch Disability Policy
- Labour's Selective Employment Tax of 1966-1970
- The Thatcher Poll Tax of 1989-1992
- Universalism May Cost Less
- On the Tax Side
- The Expenditure Side
- Hence No Retreat
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Acknowledgments
- Index