Atom tunneling phenomena in physics, chemistry and biology /
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| Imprint: | Berlin ; New York : Springer, c2004. |
|---|---|
| Description: | xiv, 313 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. |
| Language: | English |
| Series: | Springer series on atomic, optical, and plasma physics, 1615-5653 ; 36 |
| Subject: | |
| Format: | Print Book |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/5149640 |
Table of Contents:
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Atom Tunneling Phenomena
- 1.2. Aim of the Book
- 1.3. Outline of the Book
- References
- Part 1. Atom Tunneling in Physics
- 2. Theory of Atom Tunneling Reactions in the Gas Phase
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. What is Tunneling in Chemical Reactions?
- 2.3. Quantum Mechanical Methods for Calculating Rate Constants
- 2.4. Low Temperature Behavior of Rate Constants: Wigner Threshold Law
- 2.5. Effect of van der Waals Interactions on Tunneling Reactions
- 2.6. H + H 2 Tunneling Reaction in Solid Phase: Application of Gas-Phase Models
- 2.7. Tunneling in the F + H 2 , D 2 , and HD Reactions
- 2.8. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- 3. Theory of Atom Tunneling Reactions in the Solid Phase
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Description of Low Temperature Chemical Reactions
- 3.3. Experimental Data on H-Atom Tunneling and Fitting by One Dimensional Model
- 3.4. Effect of Promotive Modes on the Rate Constant of Atom Tunneling
- 3.4.1. Relaxation Processes
- 3.4.2. Time of Tunneling Transition
- 3.4.3. Double Adiabatic Approximation
- 3.4.4. Modified Theory of Radiationless Transitions
- 3.4.5. Comparison of Theory with Experimental Data
- 3.5. Mechanisms of Temperature and Pressure Dependencies of the Rate Constant
- 3.5.1. Role of Medium Reorganization in D-Transfer in an Irradiated HD Crystal
- 3.5.2. H-atom Tunneling in the Fluorene-Acridine System
- 3.6. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- 4. Atom Tunneling Reactions in Quantum Solid Hydrogen
- 4.1. Introduction. Classical Reactions and Tunneling Reactions
- 4.1.1. Temperature Dependence
- 4.1.2. Isotope Effect
- 4.2. ESR Measurement at Very Low Temperature
- 4.3. Conclusive Evidence for Atom Tunneling Reactions
- 4.3.1. Temperature Independence
- 4.3.2. Large Isotope Effect
- 4.3.3. Comparison of Experimental Rate Constants with Theoretical Values
- 4.4. Controlling Factors of Classical Reactions
- 4.5. Controlling Factors of Tunneling Reactions
- 4.5.1. Effect of Deformation of Crystalline Structure
- 4.5.2. Anomalous Temperature Effect on the Decay of {{\rm H}}_2^- Anions
- 4.5.3. Effect of Disorder and Energy Dissipation
- 4.5.4. Inverse Secondary Isotope Effect of Methyl Radical Reactions
- 4.6. Fascinating Quantum Properties of Solid Hydrogen
- 4.7. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- 5. Atom Tunneling Phenomena in Quantum Solid and Liquid Helium
- 5.1. Introduction. Quantum Nature of Helium Atoms
- 5.2. Nuclear Magnetic Ordering of Solid 3 He Arising from Tunneling of Atoms
- 5.3. Quantum Nucleation in Superfluid Helium by Tunneling
- 5.4. Tunneling Motion of Dislocation Lines in Solid 3 He
- 5.5. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- 6. Quantum Tunneling Diffusion
- 6.1. Introduction
- 6.2. Quantum Tunneling Diffusion of Positive Muons and Muonium
- 6.3. Effect of Disorder and Superconductivity
- 6.4. Muonium in a Bloch State
- 6.5. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- Part 2. Atom Tunneling in Chemistry
- 7. Fascinating Aspects of Tunneling Reactions in Organic Substances
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Selective Tunneling Reaction in Alkane Mixtures by H Atoms
- 7.2.1. Formation of H Atoms in Radiolysis of Alkane
- 7.2.2. Evidence for Tunneling Reaction
- 7.2.3. Selectivity in Tunneling Reaction
- 7.2.4. Local Motion and Selective Tunneling Reaction
- 7.3. Selective Tunneling Reaction in the Same Alkane by H Atoms
- 7.4. Instability of Molecules. Tunneling Elimination of H 2 Molecule from Alkane Cation
- 7.5. Instability of Molecules. Tunneling cis-trans Isomerization of Formic Acid
- 7.6. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- 8. Tunneling Insertion Reaction of Carbenes
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.1.1. Dicoordinate Carbon Intermediate-Carbenes
- 8.1.2. Carbenes Have Two-Electronic States Singlet and Triplet Multiplicities
- 8.1.3. Singlet and Triplet States Show Different Reaction Patterns
- 8.1.4. How to Generate a Carbene
- 8.2. Reactions of Arylcarbenes with Alkenes at 77 K
- 8.3. Reactions of Arylcarbenes with Alcohols at 77 K
- 8.4. Tunneling C-H Insertion from Triplet Carbenes at Low Temperature
- 8.5. Why Can Only Triplets Find a Tunneling Pathway?
- 8.6. Tunneling Reactions of Carbene Having Intramolecular Reaction Channels
- 8.7. Tunneling in Intramolecular Reactions
- 8.8. Tunneling Reaction at Elevated Temperatures
- 8.9. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- 9. Production of Interstellar Molecules and Amorphous Semiconductors by Atom Tunneling Reaction
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Method
- 9.3. Laboratory Simulation of H-atom Tunneling Reactions in Interstellar Ices
- 9.3.1. Gas-Grain Processes for the Formation of NH 3 , CH 4 , and H 2 O
- 9.3.2. Formation of Formaldehyde by the Tunneling Reaction of H with Solid CO at 10 K
- 9.3.3. Tunneling Reactions of H Atoms with Solid C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 4 , and C 2 H 6
- 9.3.4. Tunneling Reactions of D Atoms with C 2 H 2 , C 2 H 4 and C 2 H 6 : Isotope Effect
- 9.3.5. Negative Temperature Dependence of H-Atom Tunneling Reactions
- 9.4. Formation of Amorphous Semiconductor by H-Atom Tunneling Reactions
- 9.5. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- 10. Atom Tunneling and Molecular Structure
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Experimental Methods
- 10.3. Proton Tunneling in Molecules and Complexes
- 10.3.1. Proton Tunneling in Molecules
- 10.3.2. Proton Tunneling in Complexes
- 10.4. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- Part 3. Atom Tunneling in Biology
- 11. Atom Tunneling and Crystalline Structure
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.2. General Considerations on X-Ray and Neutron Diffraction, Crystal Structure and Phase Transitions
- 11.3. Proton Tunneling in Hydrogen-Bonded Crystals
- 11.4. Tunneling Energy Levels of Ammonium Ions in Ammonium Hexachlorometallates: Global and Local Rotation and Tunneling
- 11.5. Delocalization of H (D) Atoms. Structure of (NH 4 ) 2 PtCl 6 , (NH 4 ) 2 SnCl 6 and (ND 4 ) 2 SnCl 6 by Neutron Diffraction
- 11.6. Other Compounds Possessing Strong Isotope-Dependent Properties
- 11.7. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- Part 3. Atom Tunneling in Biology
- 12. Atom Tunneling Reaction of Vitamin C in Suppression of Mutation
- 12.1. Introduction
- 12.1.1. Tunneling Reaction at Room Temperature
- 12.1.2. How to Study Tunneling Reactions in Biological Systems
- 12.2. Long-Lived Radicals in ¿-Irradiated Cells
- 12.2.1. Discovery of Long-Lived Radicals and Reactions with Vitamin C
- 12.2.2. Why Do Reactive Radicals Survive for a Long Time?
- 12.2.3. Assignment of Long-Lived Radicals
- 12.3. Reaction of Long-Lived Radicals with Vitamin C
- 12.4. Biological Effects of Tunneling Reaction of Long-Lived Radicals with Vitamin C
- 12.5. Tunneling Reaction of Long-Lived Radicals with Vitamin C
- 12.6. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- 13. Atom Tunneling Reaction of Vitamin E in Antioxidant, Prooxidant and Regeneration Reactions
- 13.1. Introduction
- 13.2. Tunneling Antioxidant Reaction of Vitamin E
- 13.3. Prooxidant Reaction of Vitamin E
- 13.4. Tunneling Regeneration Reaction of Vitamin E
- 13.5. Conclusion and Future Development
- References
- Index
