Biological and pharmaceutical nanomaterials.

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Edition:	1st ed.
Imprint:	Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, c2006.
Description:	xix, 408 p. ; 25 cm.
Language:	English
Series:	Nanotechnologies for the life sciences ; v. 2
Subject:	Nanostructures. Nanotechnology. Biomedical Technology. Nanostructured materials. Biomedical materials. Pharmaceutical biotechnology. Biomedical materials. Nanostructured materials. Pharmaceutical biotechnology.
Format:	Print Book
URL for this record:	http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/5900656

Hidden Bibliographic Details
Other authors / contributors:	Kumar, C. S. S. R. (Challa S. S. R.)
ISBN:	3527313826

Table of Contents:

Preface
List of Contributors
I. DNA-based Nanomaterials
1. Self-assembled DNA Nanotubes
1.1. Introduction
1.2. DNA Nanotubes Self-assembled from DX Tiles
1.3. 3DAE-E DX Tile Nanotubes
1.4. DAE-O DX Tile Nanotubes
1.5. TX Tile Nanotubes
1.6. 4 x 4 Tile Nanotubes
1.7. 6HB Tile Nanotubes
1.8. Applications
1.9. Summary and Perspectives
References
2. Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles
2.1. Introduction
2.2. The Chemical and Physical Properties of Therapeutic DNA
2.3. Preparation of Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Characterization
2.3.1. Rationale
2.3.2. Synthesis, Characterization and Optimization of Surfactants
2.3.3. Organization of the Surfactant-DNA Complexes
2.3.4. Quantification of the Stability of Surfactant-DNA Complexes
2.4. DNA Functionalization for Cell Recognition and Internalization
2.4.1. Strategies for Functionalization
2.4.2. Intercalation
2.4.3. Triple Helix Formation with Oligodeoxyribonucleotides
2.4.4. Peptide Nucleic Acids (PNAs)
2.4.5. Interactions of DNA with Fusion Proteins
2.4.6. Agents that Bind to the Minor Groove
2.5. DNA Nanoparticles: Sophistication for Cell Recognition and Internalization
2.5.1. Preparation of DNA Nanoparticles Enveloped with a Protective Coat and Cell Internalization Elements
2.5.2. Biomedical Application: Cell Targeting and Internalization Properties of Folate-PEG-coated Nanoparticles
2.6. Concluding Remarks
References
3. Lipoplexes
3.1. Introduction
3.2. DNA Lipoplexes
3.2.1. Composition
3.2.2. Nanostructure and Microstructure
3.2.2.1. Equilibrium Morphology
3.2.2.2. Nonequilibrium Morphology
3.2.2.3. Lipoplex Size
3.2.3. Lipofection Efficiency
3.2.3.1. In Vitro
3.2.3.2. In Vivo
3.3. ODN Lipoplexes
3.4. siRNA Lipoplexes
Acknowledgments
References
4. DNA-Chitosan Nanoparticles for Gene Therapy: Current Knowledge and Future Trends
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Chitosan as a Carrier for Gene Therapy
4.2.1. Chitosan Chemistry
4.2.2. General Strategies for Chitosan Modification
4.2.3. Chitosan-DNA interactions: Transfection Efficacy of Unmodified Chitosan
4.3. Modified Chitosans: Strategies to Improve the Transfection Efficacy
4.3.1. The Effects of Charge Density/Solubility and Degree of Acetylation
4.3.2. Improving the Physicochemical Characteristics of the Nanoparticulate Systems: Solubility, Aggregation and RES Uptake
4.3.3. Targeting Mediated by Cell Surface Receptors
4.3.4. Hydrophobic Modification: Protecting the DNA and Improving the Internalization Process
4.4. Methods of Preparation of Chitosan Nanoparticles
4.4.1. Complex Coacervation
4.4.2. Crosslinking Methods
4.4.2.1. Chemical Crosslinking
4.4.2.2. Ionic Crosslinking or Ionic Gelation
4.4.2.3. Emulsion Crosslinking
4.4.2.4. Spray Drying
4.4.2.5. Other Methods
4.5. DNA Loading into Nano- and Microparticles of Chitosan
4.6. DNA Release and Release Kinetics
4.7. Preclinical Evidence of Chitosan-DNA Complex Efficacy
4.8. Potential Clinical Applications of Chitosan-DNA in Gene Therapy
4.9. Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
II. Protein & Peptide-based Nanomaterials
5. Plant Protein-based Nanoparticles
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Description of Plant Proteins
5.2.1. Pea Seed Proteins
5.2.2. Wheat Proteins
5.3. Preparation of Protein Nanoparticles
5.3.1. Preparation of Legumin and Vicilin Nanoparticles
5.3.2. Preparation of Gliadin Nanoparticles
5.4. Drug Encapsulation in Plant Protein Nanoparticles
5.4.1. RA Encapsulation in Gliadin Nanoparticles
5.4.2. VE Encapsulation in Gliadin Nanoparticles
5.4.3. Lipophilic, Hydrophilic or Amphiphilic Drug Encapsulation
5.5. Preparation of Ligand-Gliadin Nanoparticle Conjugates
5.6. Bioadhesive Properties of Gliadin Nanoparticles
5.6.1. Ex Vivo Studies with Gastrointestinal Mucosal Segments
5.6.2. In Vivo Studies with Laboratory Animals
5.7. Future Perspectives
5.7.1. Size Optimization
5.7.2. Immunization in Animals
5.8. Conclusion
References
6. Peptide Nanoparticles
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Starting Materials for the Preparation of Nanoparticles
6.3. Preparation Methods
6.3.1. Nanoparticle Preparation by Emulsion Techniques
6.3.1.1. Emulsion Technique for the Preparation of Albumin-based Microspheres and Nanoparticles
6.3.1.2. Emulsion Technique for the Preparation of Gelatin-based Microspheres and Nanoparticles
6.3.1.3. Emulsion Technique for the Preparation of Casein-based Microspheres and Nanoparticles
6.3.2. Nanoparticle Preparation by Coacervation
6.3.2.1. Complex Coacervation Techniques for the Preparation of Nanoparticles
6.3.2.2. Simple Coacervation (Desolvation) Techniques for the Preparation of Nanoparticles
6.4. Basic Characterization Techniques for Peptide Nanoparticles
6.5. Drug Targeting with Nanoparticles
6.5.1. Passive Drug Targeting with Particle Systems
6.5.2. Active Drug Targeting with Particle Systems
6.5.3. Surface Modifications of Protein-based Nanoparticles
6.5.4. Surface Modification by Different Hydrophilic Compounds
6.5.5. Surface Modification by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) Derivatives
6.5.6. Surface Modification by Drug-targeting Ligands
6.5.7. Different Surface Modification Strategies
6.6. Applications as Drug Carriers and for Diagnostic Purposes
6.6.1. Protein-based Nanoparticles in Gene Therapy
6.6.2. Parenteral Application Route
6.6.2.1. Preclinical Studies with Protein-based Particles
6.6.2.2. Clinical Studies with Protein-based Particles
6.6.3. Topical Application of Protein-based Particles
6.6.4. Peroral Application of Protein-based Particles
6.7. Immunological Reactions with Protein-based Microspheres
6.8. Concluding Remarks
References
7. Albumin Nanoparticles
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Serum Albumin
7.3. Preparation of Albumin Nanoparticles
7.3.1. "Conventional" Albumin Nanoparticles
7.3.1.1. Preparation of Albumin Nanoparticles by Desolvation or Coacervation
7.3.1.2. Preparation of Albumin Nanoparticles by Emulsification
7.3.1.3. Other Techniques to Prepare Albumin Nanoparticles
7.3.2. Surface-modified Albumin Nanoparticles
7.3.3. Drug Encapsulation in Albumin Nanoparticles
7.4. Biodistribution of Albumin Nanoparticles
7.5. Pharmaceutical Applications
7.5.1. Albumin Nanoparticles for Diagnostic Purposes
7.5.1.1. Radiopharmaceuticals
7.5.1.2. Echo-contrast Agents
7.5.2. Albumin Nanoparticles as Carriers for Oligonucleotides and DNA
7.5.3. Albumin Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Cancer
7.5.3.1. Fluorouracil and Methotrexate Delivery
7.5.3.2. Paclitaxel Delivery
7.5.3.3. Albumin Nanoparticles in Suicide Gene Therapy
7.5.4. Magnetic Albumin Nanoparticles
7.5.5. Albumin Nanoparticles for Ocular Drug Delivery
7.5.5.1. Topical Drug Delivery
7.5.5.2. Intravitreal Drug Delivery
7.6. Concluding Remarks
References
8. Nanoscale Patterning of S-Layer Proteins as a Natural Self-assembly System
8.1. Introduction
8.2. General Properties of S-Layers
8.2.1. Structure, Isolation, Self-Assembly and Recrystallization
8.2.2. Chemistry and Molecular Biology
8.2.3. S-Layers as Carbohydrate-binding Proteins
8.3. Nanoscale Patterning of S-Layer Proteins
8.3.1. Properties of S-Layer Proteins Relevant for Nanoscale Patterning
8.3.2. Immobilization of Functionalities by Chemical Methods
8.3.3. Patterning by Genetic Approaches
8.3.3.1. The S-Layer Proteins SbsA, SbsB and SbsC
8.3.3.2. S-Layer Fusion Proteins
8.4. Spatial Control over S-Layer Reassembly
8.5. S-Layers as Templates for the Formation of Regularly Arranged Nanoparticles
8.5.1. Binding of Molecules and Nanoparticles to Functional Domains
8.5.2. In Situ Synthesis of Nanoparticles on S-Layers
8.6. Conclusions and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
III. Pharmaceutically Important Nanomaterials
9. Methods of Preparation of Drug Nanoparticles
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Structures of Drug Nanoparticles
9.3. Thermodynamic Approaches
9.3.1. Lipid-based Pharmaceutical Nanoparticles
9.3.2. What is a Lipid?
9.3.3. Liquid Crystalline Phases of Hydrated Lipids with Planar and Curved Interfaces
9.3.4. Oil-in-water-type Lipid Emulsion
9.3.5. Liposomes
9.3.6. Cubosomes and Hexosomes
9.3.7. Other Lipid-based Pharmaceutical Nanoparticles
9.4. Mechanical Approaches
9.4.1. Types of Processing
9.4.2. Characteristics of Wet Comminution
9.4.3. Drying of Liquid Nanodispersions
9.5. SCF Approaches
9.5.1. SCF Characteristics
9.5.2. Classification of SCF Particle Formation Processes
9.5.3. RESS
9.5.4. SAS
9.5.5. SEDS
9.6. Electrostatic Approaches
9.6.1. Electrical Potential and Interfaces
9.6.2. Electrospraying
References
10. Production of Biofunctionalized Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Site-specific Drug Delivery
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Concept of Differential Adsorption
10.3. Production of SLN
10.4. Functionalization by Surface Modification
10.5. Conclusions
References
11. Biocompatible Nanoparticulate Systems for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Nanoscale Particulate Systems and their Building Blocks/Components
11.2.1. Dendrimers
11.2.2. Buckyballs and Buckytubes
11.2.3. Quantum Dots
11.2.4. Polymeric Micelles
11.2.5. Liposomes
11.3. Biodegradable Nanoparticles
11.3.1. Preparation of Nanoparticles
11.4. Biodegradable Optical Nanoparticles
11.4.1. Optical Nanoparticles as a Potential Technology for Tumor Diagnosis
11.4.2. Optical Nanoparticles as a Potential Technology for Tumor Treatment
11.5. Optical Imaging and PDT
11.5.1. Optical Imaging
11.5.1.1. Fluorescence-based Optical Imaging
11.5.1.2. NIR Fluorescence Imaging
11.5.1.3. NIR Dyes for Fluorescence Imaging
11.5.2. PDT
11.5.2.1. Basis of PDT
11.5.2.2. Photosensitizers for PDT
11.5.3. ICG: An Ideal Photoactive Agent for Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
11.5.3.1. Clinical Uses of ICG
11.5.3.2. Structure and Physicochemical Properties of ICG
11.5.3.3. Binding Properties of ICG
11.5.3.4. Metabolism, Excretion and Pharmacokinetics of ICG
11.5.3.5. Toxicity of ICG
11.5.3.6. Tumor Imaging with ICG
11.5.3.7. PDT with ICG
11.5.3.8. Limitations of ICG for Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
11.5.3.9. Recent Approaches for Improving the Blood Circulation Time and Uptake of ICG by Tumors
11.5.3.10. Recent Approaches for ICG Stabilization In Vitro
11.6. PLGA-based Nanoparticulate Delivery System for ICG
11.6.1. Rationale of Using a PLGA-based Nanoparticulate Delivery System for ICG
11.6.2. In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of ICG Solutions and Nanoparticles
11.7. Conclusions and Future Work
References
12. Nanoparticles for Crossing Biological Membranes
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Cell Membranes
12.2.1. Functions of Biological Membranes
12.2.2. Kinetic and Thermodynamic Aspects of Biological Membranes
12.3. Problems of Drugs Crossing through Biological Membranes
12.3.1. Through the Skin
12.3.1.1. Mechanical Irritation of Skin
12.3.1.2. Low-voltage Electroporation of the Skin
12.3.2. Through the BBB
12.3.2.1. Small Drugs
12.3.2.1.1. Limitations of Small Drugs
12.3.2.2. Peptide Drug Delivery via SynB Vectors
12.3.3. GI Barrier
12.3.3.1. Intestinal Translocation and Disease
12.4. Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery
2.4.1. Skin
12.4.1.1. Skin as Semipermeable Nanoporous Barrier
12.4.1.2. Hydrophilic Pathway through the Skin Barrier
12.4.2. Solid-Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) Skin Delivery
12.4.2.1. Chemical Stability of SLN
12.4.2.2. In Vitro Occlusion of SLN
12.4.2.3. In Vivo SLN: Occlusion, Elasticity and Wrinkles
12.4.2.4. Active Compound Penetration into the Skin
12.4.2.5. Controlled Release of Cosmetic Compounds
12.4.2.6. Novel UV Sunscreen System Using SLN
12.4.3. Polymer-based Nanoparticulate Delivery to the Skin
12.4.4. Subcutaneous Nanoparticulate Antiepileptic Drug Delivery
12.4.5. Nanoparticulate Anticancer Drug Delivery
12.4.5.1. Paclitaxel
12.4.5.2. Doxorubicin
12.4.5.3. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)
12.4.5.4. Antineoplastic Agents
12.4.5.5. Gene Delivery
12.4.5.6. Breast Cancer
12.4.6. Nanofibers Composed of Nonbiodegradable Polymer
12.4.6.1. Electrostatic Spinning
12.4.6.2. Scanning Electron Microscopy
12.4.6.3. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
12.5. Nanoparticulate Delivery to the BBB
12.5.1. Peptide Delivery to the BBB
12.5.1.1. Peptide Conjugation through a Disulfide Bond
12.5.2. Biodegradable Polymer Based Nanoparticulate Delivery to BBB
12.5.3. Nanoparticulate Gene Delivery to the BBB
12.5.4. Mechanism of Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery to the BBB
12.5.5. Nanoparticulate Thiamine-coated Delivery to the BBB
12.5.6. Nanoparticle Optics and Living Cell Imaging
12.6. Oral Nanoparticulate Delivery
12.6.1. Lectin-conjugated Nanoparticulate Oral Delivery
12.6.2. Oral Peptide Nanoparticulate-based Delivery
12.6.3. Polymer-Based Oral Peptide Nanoparticulate Delivery
12.6.3.1. Polyacrylamide Nanospheres
12.6.3.2. Poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) PACA Nanocapsules
12.6.3.3. Derivatized Amino Acid Microspheres
12.6.4. Lymphatic Oral Nanoparticulate Delivery
12.6.5. Oral Nanosuspension Delivery
12.6.6. Mucoadhesion of Nanoparticles after Oral Administration
12.6.7. Protein Nanoparticulate Oral Delivery
References
Index

Biological and pharmaceutical nanomaterials.

Similar Items