Environmental modeling : a practical introduction /

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Bibliographic Details
Author / Creator:	Barnsley, Michael J. (Michael John)
Imprint:	Boca Raton : CRC, c2007.
Description:	xxvi, 406 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. + 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.)
Language:	English
Subject:	Environmental sciences -- Mathematical models. Environmental sciences -- Mathematical models.
Format:	Print Book
URL for this record:	http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/6835564

Hidden Bibliographic Details
ISBN:	9780415300544 (alk. paper) 0415300541 (alk. paper)
Notes:	Includes bibliographical references (p. [387]-396) and index.

Table of Contents:

1. Models and Modeling
1.1. Why Model?
1.2. The Modeling Process
1.2.1. Identifying the Nature and Scope of the Problem
1.2.2. Developing the Conceptual Model
1.2.3. Stating the Assumptions
1.2.4. Formulating the Mathematical Model
1.2.5. Implementing the Computational Model
1.2.6. Evaluating the Model
1.3. Llyn Efyrnwy
1.4. Structure and Objectives of the Book
1.5. Resources on the CD-ROM
1.6. Typographical Conventions
2. Visualizing Environmental Data
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Creating 2D Plots
2.2.1. Creating a Simple x-y Plot
2.2.2. Labeling the Axes of a Plot
2.2.3. Plotting Multiple Data Series
2.2.4. Plotting with Different Data Styles
2.3. Plotting Time-Series Data
2.3.1. Plotting Multiple Time-Series
2.3.2. Further Control over Plotting Styles
2.4. Plotting in Three Dimensions
2.4.1. Description of the Digital Elevation Data Set
2.4.2. Visualizing 3D Data in gnuplot
2.4.3. Altering the View Direction
2.4.4. Generating a 3D Surface Plot
2.4.5. Hidden-Line Removal
2.4.6. Producing Solid Surface Models
2.4.7. Contouring 3D Surface Plots
2.5. Printing Plots
2.6. Exporting Graphics Files
2.7. Command-Line Scripts
2.8. Summary
3. Processing Environmental Data
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Structure of the Llyn Efyrnwy Precipitation Data
3.3. Creating and Running a Simple gawk Program
3.4. Using gawk to Process Selected Fields
3.5. Storing the gawk Program in a File
3.6. Using gawk to Process Selected Records
3.7. Controlling the Format of the Output
3.8. Redirecting the Output to a File
3.9. Visualizing the Output Data
3.10. Logical or Boolean Operators in gawk
3.11. Summary
4. Wind Speed and Wind Power
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Description of the Wind Speed Data
4.3. Calculating the Annual Mean Wind Speed
4.4. Determining the Maximum Wind Speed
4.5. Exploring Wind Speed Variability
4.5.1. Determining the Absolute Frequency Distribution
4.5.2. Determining the Relative Frequency Distribution
4.5.3. Probability Distributions and Probability Density Functions
4.5.4. Function Fitting in gnuplot
4.5.5. Probability of the Wind Speed Exceeding a Given Value
4.6. Wind Energy and Power
4.6.1. Theoretical Basis
4.6.2. Application to Llyn Efyrnwy Data
4.6.3. Visualizing the Output
4.7. Summary
5. Solar Radiation at Earth's Surface
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Description of the Solar Irradiance Data
5.3. Analyzing the Observations
5.3.1. Data Extraction and Pre-Processing
5.3.2. Visualizing the Output
5.4. Modeling Solar Irradiance
5.4.1. Formulating the Mathematical Model
5.4.2. Implementing the Computational Model
5.4.3. Enhancing the Implementation
5.4.4. Visualizing the Simulated Variation in Solar Irradiance
5.5. Summary
6. Light Interaction with a Plant Canopy
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Developing a Model of Light Interaction with Plant Canopies
6.2.1. Specifying the Conceptual Model
6.2.2. Formulating the Mathematical Model
6.2.3. Implementing the Computational Model
6.2.4. Running the Model
6.2.5. Evaluating the Output from the Computational Model
6.3. A Two-Layer Light Interaction Model
6.3.1. Improving the Conceptual Model
6.3.2. Reformulating the Mathematical Model
6.3.3. Implementing the Two-Layer Model in gawk
6.3.4. Running the Two-Layer Model
6.3.5. Evaluating the Two-Layer Model
6.4. Accounting for Multiple Scattering
6.4.1. Enhancing the Conceptual and Mathematical Models
6.4.2. Implementing the Revised Two-Layer Model
6.4.3. Running the Revised Two-Layer Model
6.4.4. Evaluating the Revised Two-Layer Model
6.5. Multiple Leaf-Layer Models
6.5.1. Enhancing the Conceptual Model
6.5.2. Formulating the Three-Layer Model
6.5.3. Implementing the Three-Layer Model
6.5.4. Running the Three-Layer Model
6.5.5. Evaluating the Multiple-Layer Model
6.6. Summary
7. Analytical and Numerical Solutions
7.1. Introduction
7.2. An Exact Analytical Solution to the Two-Layer Model
7.2.1. Reformulating the Two-Layer Model
7.2.2. Implementing and Running the Exact Analytical Solution
7.2.3. Evaluating the Exact Analytical Solution
7.3. An Iterative Numerical Solution to the Multiple Leaf-Layer Model
7.3.1. Revisiting the Conceptual Model
7.3.2. Formulating the Mathematical Model
7.3.3. Implementing the Multiple Leaf-Layer Model
7.3.4. Running the Multiple Leaf-Layer Model
7.3.5. Evaluating the Multiple Leaf-Layer Model
7.3.6. How Many Iterations are Required?
7.3.7. Objective Determination of the Required Number of Iterations
7.3.8. Running and Evaluating the Revised Computational Model
7.4. Bouguer's Law and the Attenuation Coefficient
7.4.1. Implementing a Computational Model of Bouguer's Law
7.4.2. Running and Evaluating the Modified Computational Model
7.4.3. Visualizing the Output
7.4.4. Function Fitting in gnuplot
7.5. Summary
8. Population Dynamics
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Unconstrained or Density-Independent Growth
8.2.1. Development of the Conceptual Model
8.2.2. Formulation, Implementation and Evaluation of the Discrete Model
8.2.3. Formulation, Implementation and Evaluation of the Continuous Model
8.3. Constrained or Density-Dependent Growth
8.3.1. Developing the Conceptual Model
8.3.2. Continuous Logistic Model
8.3.3. Discrete Logistic Model
8.4. Numerical Integration (or Stepping) Methods
8.4.1. Euler's Method
8.4.2. Runge-Kutta Methods
8.5. Inter-Specific Competition
8.5.1. Conceptual Basis and Mathematical Formulation
8.5.2. Implementation
8.5.3. Running the Model
8.5.4. Visualization
8.6. Predator-Prey Relationships
8.6.1. Conceptual Basis and Mathematical Formulation
8.6.2. Implementation
8.6.3. Running the Model
8.6.4. Visualization
8.7. Summary
9. Biospheric Feedback on Daisyworld
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Description and Assumptions of the Conceptual Model
9.3. Formulating the Mathematical Model
9.4. Implementing the Computational Model
9.4.1. Implementation 1: Constant Solar Luminosity
9.4.2. Implementation 2: Increasing Solar Luminosity
9.4.3. Implementation 3: Exploring the Impact of Biodiversity
9.4.4. Implementation 4: Modularizing the Code with User-Defined Functions
9.5. Sensitivity Analysis and Uncertainty Analysis
9.6. Summary
10. Modeling Incident Solar Radiation and Hydrological Networks Over Natural Terrain
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Visualizing Digital Elevation Data as an Array
10.3. Handling Multi-Dimensional Arrays in gawk
10.4. Determining Terrain Gradient and Aspect
10.4.1. Formulation
10.4.2. Implementation
10.4.3. Evaluation
10.4.4. Visualization
10.5. Solar Irradiance on Sloping Terrain
10.5.1. Formulation
10.5.2. Implementation
10.5.3. Evaluation
10.5.4. Visualization
10.6. Modeling Hydrological Networks
10.6.1. Implementation
10.6.2. Evaluation
10.6.3. Visualization
10.6.4. Modified Implementation
10.6.5. Evaluation of the Modified Implementation
10.6.6. Visualization of the LDD Vectors on a Solid Surface Model
10.7. Summary and Further Directions
A. Installing and Running the Software
A.1. Introduction
A.2. Some Basic Computing Concepts
A.2.1. Operating System
A.2.2. Files, Directories, Paths and File Systems
A.3. Installing and Running gnuplot
A.3.1. Instructions for Microsoft Windows
A.3.2. Instructions for GNU/Linux
A.4. Installing and Running gawk
A.4.1. Instructions for Microsoft Windows
A.4.2. Instructions for GNU/Linux
B. GNU General Public License
B.1. Preamble
B.2. Terms and Conditions for Copying, Distribution and Modification
B.3. No Warranty
C. Gnuplot License
D. Standards
D.1. International Standard Date and Time Notation
D.2. SI Units (Systeme International d'Unites)
E. Solutions to Exercises
F. Acronyms and Abbreviations
G. List of Symbols
References
Index

Environmental modeling : a practical introduction /

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