Environmental modeling : a practical introduction /

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Bibliographic Details
Author / Creator:Barnsley, Michael J. (Michael John)
Imprint:Boca Raton : CRC, c2007.
Description:xxvi, 406 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. + 1 CD-ROM (4 3/4 in.)
Language:English
Subject:
Format: Print Book
URL for this record:http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/6835564
Hidden Bibliographic Details
ISBN:9780415300544 (alk. paper)
0415300541 (alk. paper)
Notes:Includes bibliographical references (p. [387]-396) and index.
Table of Contents:
  • 1. Models and Modeling
  • 1.1. Why Model?
  • 1.2. The Modeling Process
  • 1.2.1. Identifying the Nature and Scope of the Problem
  • 1.2.2. Developing the Conceptual Model
  • 1.2.3. Stating the Assumptions
  • 1.2.4. Formulating the Mathematical Model
  • 1.2.5. Implementing the Computational Model
  • 1.2.6. Evaluating the Model
  • 1.3. Llyn Efyrnwy
  • 1.4. Structure and Objectives of the Book
  • 1.5. Resources on the CD-ROM
  • 1.6. Typographical Conventions
  • 2. Visualizing Environmental Data
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2. Creating 2D Plots
  • 2.2.1. Creating a Simple x-y Plot
  • 2.2.2. Labeling the Axes of a Plot
  • 2.2.3. Plotting Multiple Data Series
  • 2.2.4. Plotting with Different Data Styles
  • 2.3. Plotting Time-Series Data
  • 2.3.1. Plotting Multiple Time-Series
  • 2.3.2. Further Control over Plotting Styles
  • 2.4. Plotting in Three Dimensions
  • 2.4.1. Description of the Digital Elevation Data Set
  • 2.4.2. Visualizing 3D Data in gnuplot
  • 2.4.3. Altering the View Direction
  • 2.4.4. Generating a 3D Surface Plot
  • 2.4.5. Hidden-Line Removal
  • 2.4.6. Producing Solid Surface Models
  • 2.4.7. Contouring 3D Surface Plots
  • 2.5. Printing Plots
  • 2.6. Exporting Graphics Files
  • 2.7. Command-Line Scripts
  • 2.8. Summary
  • 3. Processing Environmental Data
  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. Structure of the Llyn Efyrnwy Precipitation Data
  • 3.3. Creating and Running a Simple gawk Program
  • 3.4. Using gawk to Process Selected Fields
  • 3.5. Storing the gawk Program in a File
  • 3.6. Using gawk to Process Selected Records
  • 3.7. Controlling the Format of the Output
  • 3.8. Redirecting the Output to a File
  • 3.9. Visualizing the Output Data
  • 3.10. Logical or Boolean Operators in gawk
  • 3.11. Summary
  • 4. Wind Speed and Wind Power
  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Description of the Wind Speed Data
  • 4.3. Calculating the Annual Mean Wind Speed
  • 4.4. Determining the Maximum Wind Speed
  • 4.5. Exploring Wind Speed Variability
  • 4.5.1. Determining the Absolute Frequency Distribution
  • 4.5.2. Determining the Relative Frequency Distribution
  • 4.5.3. Probability Distributions and Probability Density Functions
  • 4.5.4. Function Fitting in gnuplot
  • 4.5.5. Probability of the Wind Speed Exceeding a Given Value
  • 4.6. Wind Energy and Power
  • 4.6.1. Theoretical Basis
  • 4.6.2. Application to Llyn Efyrnwy Data
  • 4.6.3. Visualizing the Output
  • 4.7. Summary
  • 5. Solar Radiation at Earth's Surface
  • 5.1. Introduction
  • 5.2. Description of the Solar Irradiance Data
  • 5.3. Analyzing the Observations
  • 5.3.1. Data Extraction and Pre-Processing
  • 5.3.2. Visualizing the Output
  • 5.4. Modeling Solar Irradiance
  • 5.4.1. Formulating the Mathematical Model
  • 5.4.2. Implementing the Computational Model
  • 5.4.3. Enhancing the Implementation
  • 5.4.4. Visualizing the Simulated Variation in Solar Irradiance
  • 5.5. Summary
  • 6. Light Interaction with a Plant Canopy
  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Developing a Model of Light Interaction with Plant Canopies
  • 6.2.1. Specifying the Conceptual Model
  • 6.2.2. Formulating the Mathematical Model
  • 6.2.3. Implementing the Computational Model
  • 6.2.4. Running the Model
  • 6.2.5. Evaluating the Output from the Computational Model
  • 6.3. A Two-Layer Light Interaction Model
  • 6.3.1. Improving the Conceptual Model
  • 6.3.2. Reformulating the Mathematical Model
  • 6.3.3. Implementing the Two-Layer Model in gawk
  • 6.3.4. Running the Two-Layer Model
  • 6.3.5. Evaluating the Two-Layer Model
  • 6.4. Accounting for Multiple Scattering
  • 6.4.1. Enhancing the Conceptual and Mathematical Models
  • 6.4.2. Implementing the Revised Two-Layer Model
  • 6.4.3. Running the Revised Two-Layer Model
  • 6.4.4. Evaluating the Revised Two-Layer Model
  • 6.5. Multiple Leaf-Layer Models
  • 6.5.1. Enhancing the Conceptual Model
  • 6.5.2. Formulating the Three-Layer Model
  • 6.5.3. Implementing the Three-Layer Model
  • 6.5.4. Running the Three-Layer Model
  • 6.5.5. Evaluating the Multiple-Layer Model
  • 6.6. Summary
  • 7. Analytical and Numerical Solutions
  • 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.2. An Exact Analytical Solution to the Two-Layer Model
  • 7.2.1. Reformulating the Two-Layer Model
  • 7.2.2. Implementing and Running the Exact Analytical Solution
  • 7.2.3. Evaluating the Exact Analytical Solution
  • 7.3. An Iterative Numerical Solution to the Multiple Leaf-Layer Model
  • 7.3.1. Revisiting the Conceptual Model
  • 7.3.2. Formulating the Mathematical Model
  • 7.3.3. Implementing the Multiple Leaf-Layer Model
  • 7.3.4. Running the Multiple Leaf-Layer Model
  • 7.3.5. Evaluating the Multiple Leaf-Layer Model
  • 7.3.6. How Many Iterations are Required?
  • 7.3.7. Objective Determination of the Required Number of Iterations
  • 7.3.8. Running and Evaluating the Revised Computational Model
  • 7.4. Bouguer's Law and the Attenuation Coefficient
  • 7.4.1. Implementing a Computational Model of Bouguer's Law
  • 7.4.2. Running and Evaluating the Modified Computational Model
  • 7.4.3. Visualizing the Output
  • 7.4.4. Function Fitting in gnuplot
  • 7.5. Summary
  • 8. Population Dynamics
  • 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.2. Unconstrained or Density-Independent Growth
  • 8.2.1. Development of the Conceptual Model
  • 8.2.2. Formulation, Implementation and Evaluation of the Discrete Model
  • 8.2.3. Formulation, Implementation and Evaluation of the Continuous Model
  • 8.3. Constrained or Density-Dependent Growth
  • 8.3.1. Developing the Conceptual Model
  • 8.3.2. Continuous Logistic Model
  • 8.3.3. Discrete Logistic Model
  • 8.4. Numerical Integration (or Stepping) Methods
  • 8.4.1. Euler's Method
  • 8.4.2. Runge-Kutta Methods
  • 8.5. Inter-Specific Competition
  • 8.5.1. Conceptual Basis and Mathematical Formulation
  • 8.5.2. Implementation
  • 8.5.3. Running the Model
  • 8.5.4. Visualization
  • 8.6. Predator-Prey Relationships
  • 8.6.1. Conceptual Basis and Mathematical Formulation
  • 8.6.2. Implementation
  • 8.6.3. Running the Model
  • 8.6.4. Visualization
  • 8.7. Summary
  • 9. Biospheric Feedback on Daisyworld
  • 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.2. Description and Assumptions of the Conceptual Model
  • 9.3. Formulating the Mathematical Model
  • 9.4. Implementing the Computational Model
  • 9.4.1. Implementation 1: Constant Solar Luminosity
  • 9.4.2. Implementation 2: Increasing Solar Luminosity
  • 9.4.3. Implementation 3: Exploring the Impact of Biodiversity
  • 9.4.4. Implementation 4: Modularizing the Code with User-Defined Functions
  • 9.5. Sensitivity Analysis and Uncertainty Analysis
  • 9.6. Summary
  • 10. Modeling Incident Solar Radiation and Hydrological Networks Over Natural Terrain
  • 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.2. Visualizing Digital Elevation Data as an Array
  • 10.3. Handling Multi-Dimensional Arrays in gawk
  • 10.4. Determining Terrain Gradient and Aspect
  • 10.4.1. Formulation
  • 10.4.2. Implementation
  • 10.4.3. Evaluation
  • 10.4.4. Visualization
  • 10.5. Solar Irradiance on Sloping Terrain
  • 10.5.1. Formulation
  • 10.5.2. Implementation
  • 10.5.3. Evaluation
  • 10.5.4. Visualization
  • 10.6. Modeling Hydrological Networks
  • 10.6.1. Implementation
  • 10.6.2. Evaluation
  • 10.6.3. Visualization
  • 10.6.4. Modified Implementation
  • 10.6.5. Evaluation of the Modified Implementation
  • 10.6.6. Visualization of the LDD Vectors on a Solid Surface Model
  • 10.7. Summary and Further Directions
  • A. Installing and Running the Software
  • A.1. Introduction
  • A.2. Some Basic Computing Concepts
  • A.2.1. Operating System
  • A.2.2. Files, Directories, Paths and File Systems
  • A.3. Installing and Running gnuplot
  • A.3.1. Instructions for Microsoft Windows
  • A.3.2. Instructions for GNU/Linux
  • A.4. Installing and Running gawk
  • A.4.1. Instructions for Microsoft Windows
  • A.4.2. Instructions for GNU/Linux
  • B. GNU General Public License
  • B.1. Preamble
  • B.2. Terms and Conditions for Copying, Distribution and Modification
  • B.3. No Warranty
  • C. Gnuplot License
  • D. Standards
  • D.1. International Standard Date and Time Notation
  • D.2. SI Units (Systeme International d'Unites)
  • E. Solutions to Exercises
  • F. Acronyms and Abbreviations
  • G. List of Symbols
  • References
  • Index