The international law of belligerent occupation /
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| Author / Creator: | Dinstein, Yoram. |
|---|---|
| Imprint: | Cambridge ; New York : Cambridge University Press, 2009. |
| Description: | xxxii, 303 p. |
| Language: | English |
| Subject: | |
| Format: | E-Resource Book |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/8208667 |
Table of Contents:
- Preface
- Table of cases
- Table of treaties
- Table of UN Resolutions
- List of abbreviations
- 1. The general framework
- I. Belligerent occupation as a natural phenomenon in war
- II. Belligerent occupation and the legality of war
- III. The strata of the international law of belligerent occupation
- A. Customary international law
- B. The Hague Regulations
- C. Geneva Convention (IV)
- D. Additional Protocol I
- IV. A brief historical outline
- A. The past
- B. The last decades
- V. The case of Israel
- A. The Sinai Peninsula and the Gaza Strip
- B. The West Bank
- C. The 'Oslo Process' Accords
- D. East Jerusalem
- E. The Golan Heights
- F. The general applicability of Geneva Convention (IV)
- G. Judicial review by the Supreme Court sitting as a High Court of Justice
- H. The domestic applicability of Geneva Convention (IV)
- 2. The legal nature and basic principles of belligerent occupation
- I. Conditions for the establishment of a belligerent occupation regime
- A. Belligerent occupation and inter-State armed conflicts
- (a). The linkage of belligerent occupation to war
- (b). Occupation following unconditional surrender
- (c). Non-international armed conflicts
- B. The non-consensual nature of belligerent occupation
- (a). Coerction as the key to belligerent occupation
- (b). Occupation based on agreement following war
- (c). Consensual occupation of Allied territory during war
- (d). Occupation by UN forces
- C. The distinction between belligerent occupation and invasion
- D. The indispensability of effective control
- E. Some ancillary comments
- (a). Jurisdictional rights
- (b). Outlying land areas
- (c). Maritime areas and air space
- (d). Proclamation
- (e). Several Occupying Powers
- II. Sovereignty and belligerent occupation
- A. Sovereignty and non-annexation
- B. Transfer of title over an occupied territory
- C. Nationality and allegiance
- III. The military nature of the government in an occupied territory
- A. The administration of an occupied territory
- B. The overall responsibility of the Occupying Power
- C. Self-government
- D. The employment of local officials
- IV. Protected persons in occupied territories
- A. The scope of protection
- B. The treatment of saboteurs
- V. Protecting Powers
- A. The theory
- B. The practice
- 3. Human rights and belligerent occupation
- I. The international law of human rights
- II. The application of human rights law in occupied territories
- III. Derogations from obligations to respect human rights
- A. Derogations and war
- B. Procedural and substantive requirements
- IV. Non-derogable human rights
- V. Built-in limitations of human rights
- A. Explicit limitations
- B. Implicit limitations
- VI. Balance between competing human rights
- VII. The interaction between the law of belligerent occupation and the law of human rights
- A. Convergence and divergence
- B. The advantages of the law of belligerent occupation
- C. The advantages of human rights law
- D. The lex specials rule
- 4. The maintenance of law and order in occupied territories
- I. Hague Regulation 43
- II. The structure and scope of Regulation 43
- III. Restoring and ensuring public order and life under Regulation 43
- IV. Individual resistance to occupation
- A. Saboteurs and prisoners of war
- B. Levée en Masse
- V. Riot control
- VI. Hostilities in occupied territories
- A. The duality of hostilities and occupation
- B. Direct participation in hostilities
- C. 'Human shields'
- 5. Legislation by the Occupying Power
- I. The meaning of the phrase 'less lois en Vigueur'
- II. The meaning of the phrase 'empêchement absolu'
- III. Article 64 of Geneva Convention (IV)
- IV. The specific categories of necessity
- A. Security legislation
- B. Repeal of legislation inconsistant with Geneva Convention (IV)
- C. Legislation geared to the needs of the civilian population
- D. Other legislation
- V. Prolonged occupation
- VI. The litmus test
- VII. Institutional changes
- VIII. Taxation
- IX. Limitations of the Legislative power
- X. Settlers
- 6. The judicial system in occupied territories
- I. The double-tiered system of courts
- A. Local courts
- B. Military courts
- C. Concurrent jurisdiction
- II. The right to a fair trial
- III. Capital punishment
- 7. Protection of the civilian population under belligerent occupation
- I. Freedom from genocide and the right to life
- A. The Prohibition of genocide
- B. The individual right to life
- II. Ensuring the Survival of the civilian population
- III. Respect for the rights of protected persons
- IV. The prohibition of hostage-taking
- V. Collective penalties and reprisals
- A. Collective penalties
- B. Demolition or sealing off of houses
- C. Reprisals
- VI. Deportations and transfer
- A. Voluntary departure, deportation and relocation
- B. The Israeli practice
- C. Individual verses mass deportations
- D. 'Exclusion' versus deportation
- E. The State of nationality versus other countries
- F. Occupying versus occupied territory
- VII. Evaluation
- VIII. Internment (administrative detention)
- IX. Assigned residence
- IX. Compulsory work
- 8. Special protection in occupied territories
- I. Refugees
- II. Women and children
- A. Women
- B. Children
- III. Medical services
- IV. Civil defence
- V. Humanitarian relief
- A. Relief consignments
- B. Relief Personnel
- 9. Destruction and pillage of property in occupied territories
- I. Destruction of property
- A. The general prohibition
- B. Special Protection
- C. Demolition of a house as a sanction
- II. Pillage
- 10. Seizure and use of property in occupied territories
- I. General observations
- A. The prohibition of spoliation
- B. The distinction between public and private property
- C. The temporal problem
- II. Public property
- A. Immovable property
- B. Movable property
- C. Extraordinary Property
- (a). Property of Municipalities
- (b). Cultural property
- (c). Medical property
- (d). Civil defence matériel
- (e). Submarine cables
- III. Private property
- A. Immovable property
- B. Movable property
- (a). Ordinary property
- (b). Munitions de guerre and related items
- IV. The right of angary
- 11. Other major issues relating to belligerent occupation
- I. Settlements
- A. Geneva Convention (IV)
- B. The Israeli settlements
- C. The Judgments of the Supreme Court of Israel
- II. The security barrier
- A. The setting
- B. The Beit Sourik case
- C. The Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice
- D. The Alfei Menashe case
- III. Reunion of families
- IV. Political activities and elections
- V. Freedom of the press
- VI. Freedom of religion
- VII. Human dignity
- 12. The termination of belligerent occupation
- I. The complete end of belligerent occupation
- A. Treaty of peace
- B. Prescription
- C. Withdrawal from an occupied territory
- D. Binding decision by the UN Security Council
- II. Partial end of belligerent occupation
- A. Agreement between the parties
- B. The tide of hostilities
- C. Unilateral decision of the Occupying Power
- III. Post-hostilities belligerent occupation
- IV. The consequences of the termination of occupation
- Conclusion
- Index of persons
- Index of subjects