An introduction to fire dynamics /
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| Author / Creator: | Drysdale, Dougal. |
|---|---|
| Edition: | 3rd ed. |
| Imprint: | Chichester : John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2011. |
| Description: | 1 online resource. |
| Language: | English |
| Subject: | |
| Format: | E-Resource Book |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/8831545 |
Table of Contents:
- About the Author
- Preface to the Second Edition
- Preface to the Third Edition
- List of Symbols and Abbreviations
- 1. Fire Science and Combustion
- 1.1. Fuels and the Combustion Process
- 1.1.1. The Nature of Fuels
- 1.1.2. Thermal Decomposition and Stability of Polymers
- 1.2. The Physical Chemistry of Combustion in Fires
- 1.2.1. The Ideal Gas Law
- 1.2.2. Vapour Pressure of Liquids
- 1.2.3. Combustion and Energy Release
- 1.2.4. The Mechanism of Gas Phase Combustion
- 1.2.5. Temperatures of Flames
- Problems
- 2. Heat Transfer
- 2.1. Summary of the Heat Transfer Equations
- 2.2. Conduction
- 2.2.1. Steady State Conduction
- 2.2.2. Non-steady State Conduction
- 2.2.3. Numerical Methods of Solving Time-dependent Conduction Problems
- 2.3. Convection
- 2.4. Radiation
- 2.4.1. Configuration Factors
- 2.4.2. Radiation from Hot Gases and Non-luminous Flames
- 2.4.3. Radiation from Luminous Flames and Hot Smoky Gases
- Problems
- 3. Limits of Flammability and Premixed Flames
- 3.1. Limits of Flammability
- 3.1.1. Measurement of Flammability Limits
- 3.1.2. Characterization of the Lower Flammability Limit
- 3.1.3. Dependence of Flammability Limits on Temperature and Pressure
- 3.1.4. Flammability Diagrams
- 3.2. The Structure of a Premixed Flame
- 3.3. Heat Losses from Premixed Flames
- 3.4. Measurement of Burning Velocities
- 3.5. Variation of Burning Velocity with Experimental Parameters
- 3.5.1. Variation of Mixture Composition
- 3.5.2. Variation of Temperature
- 3.5.3. Variation of Pressure
- 3.5.4. Addition of Suppressants
- 3.6. The Effect of Turbulence
- Problems
- 4. Diffusion Flames and Fire Plumes
- 4.1. Laminar Jet Flames
- 4.2. Turbulent Jet Flames
- 4.3. Flames from Natural Fires
- 4.3.1. The Buoyant Plume
- 4.3.2. The Fire Plume
- 4.3.3. Interaction of the Fire Plume with Compartment Boundaries
- 4.3.4. The Effect of Wind on the Fire Plume
- 4.4. Some Practical Applications
- 4.4.1. Radiation from Flames
- 4.4.2. The Response of Ceiling-mounted Fire Detectors
- 4.4.3. Interaction between Sprinkler Sprays and the Fire Plume
- 4.4.4. The Removal of Smoke
- 4.4.5. Modelling
- Problems
- 5. Steady Burning of Liquids and Solids
- 5.1. Burning of Liquids
- 5.1.1. Pool Fires
- 5.1.2. Spill Fires
- 5.1.3. Burning of Liquid Droplets
- 5.1.4. Pressurized and Cryogenic Liquids
- 5.2. Burning of Solids
- 5.2.1. Burning of Synthetic Polymers
- 5.2.2. Burning of Wood
- 5.2.3. Burning of Dusts and Powders
- Problems
- 6. Ignition: The Initiation of Flaming Combustion
- 6.1. Ignition of Flammable Vapour/Air Mixtures
- 6.2. Ignition of Liquids
- 6.2.1. Ignition of Low Flashpoint Liquids
- 6.2.2. Ignition of High Flashpoint Liquids
- 6.2.3. Auto-ignition of Liquid Fuels
- 6.3. Piloted Ignition of Solids
- 6.3.1. Ignition during a Constant Heat Flux
- 6.3.2. Ignition Involving a 'Discontinuous' Heat Flux
- 6.4. Spontaneous Ignition of Solids
- 6.5. Surface Ignition by Flame Impingement
- 6.6. Extinction of Flame
- 6.6.1. Extinction of Premixed Flames
- 6.6.2. Extinction of Diffusion Flames
- Problems
- 7. Spread of Flame
- 7.1. Flame Spread Over Liquids
- 7.2. Flame Spread Over Solids
- 7.2.1. Surface Orientation and Direction of Propagation
- 7.2.2. Thickness of the Fuel
- 7.2.3. Density, Thermal Capacity and Thermal Conductivity
- 7.2.4. Geometry of the Sample
- 7.2.5. Environmental Effects
- 7.3. Flame Spread Modelling
- 7.4. Spread of Flame through Open Fuel Beds
- 7.5. Applications
- 7.5.1. Radiation-enhanced Flame Spread
- 7.5.2. Rate of Vertical Spread
- Problems
- 8. Spontaneous Ignition within Solids and Smouldering Combustion
- 8.1. Spontaneous Ignition in Bulk Solids
- 8.1.1. Application of the Frank-Kamenetskii Model
- 8.1.2. The Thomas Model
- 8.1.3. Ignition of Dust Layers
- 8.1.4. Ignition of Oil - Soaked Porous Substrates
- 8.1.5. Spontaneous Ignition in Haystacks
- 8.2. Smouldering Combustion
- 8.2.1. Factors Affecting the Propagation of Smouldering
- 8.2.2. Transition from Smouldering to Flaming Combustion
- 8.2.3. Initiation of Smouldering Combustion
- 8.2.4. The Chemical Requirements for Smouldering
- 8.3. Glowing Combustion
- Problems
- 9. The Pre-flashover Compartment Fire
- 9.1. The Growth Period and the Definition of Flashover
- 9.2. Growth to Flashover
- 9.2.1. Conditions Necessary for Flashover
- 9.2.2. Fuel and Ventilation Conditions Necessary for Flashover
- 9.2.3. Factors Affecting Time to Flashover
- 9.2.4. Factors Affecting Fire Growth
- Problems
- 10. The Post-flashover Compartment Fire
- 10.1. Regimes of Burning
- 10.2. Fully Developed Fire Behaviour
- 10.3. Temperatures Achieved in Fully Developed Fires
- 10.3.1. Experimental Study of Fully Developed Fires in Single Compartments
- 10.3.2. Mathematical Models for Compartment Fire Temperatures
- 10.3.3. Fires in Large Compartments
- 10.4. Fire Resistance and Fire Severity
- 10.5. Methods of Calculating Fire Resistance
- 10.6. Projection of Flames from Burning Compartments
- 10.7. Spread of Fire from a Compartment
- Problems
- 11. Smoke: Its Formation, Composition and Movement
- 11.1. Formation and Measurement of Smoke
- 11.1.1. Production of Smoke Particles
- 11.1.2. Measurement of Particulate Smoke
- 11.1.3. Methods of Test for Smoke Production Potential
- 11.1.4. The Toxicity of Smoke
- 11.2. Smoke Movement
- 11.2.1. Forces Responsible for Smoke Movement
- 11.2.2. Rate of Smoke Production in Fires
- 11.3. Smoke Control Systems
- 11.3.1. Smoke Control in Large Spaces
- 11.3.2. Smoke Control in Shopping Centres
- 11.3.3. Smoke Control on Protected Escape Routes
- References
- Answers to Selected Problems
- Author Index
- Subject Index