Hazardous chemicals in products and processes : substitution as an innovative process /
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| Imprint: | Heidelberg ; New York : Physica-Verlag, c2006. |
|---|---|
| Description: | 1 online resource (vii, 152 p.) : ill. |
| Language: | English |
| Series: | Sustainability and innovation Sustainability and innovation. |
| Subject: | |
| Format: | E-Resource Book |
| URL for this record: | http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/8878383 |
Table of Contents:
- Introduction
- 1. Summary of most important results
- 1.1. Aspects of the ability to be innovative
- 1.2. Aspects of direction of innovation
- 1.3. Model of "innovation Systems at supply chain level"
- 1.4. Current developments in chemicals regulation
- 1.5. Prerequisites for success in hazardous substance Substitution
- 1.5.1. Substitution of hazardous substances is an innovation process like many others
- 1.5.2. Chemicals innovations concern not only new substances, but also new preparations and applications
- 1.5.3. Public and civilian society - combined with intensive competition - are powerful driving forces in the innovation system
- 1.5.4. Competition is the most important driving force for innovation - the demand for quality may create a direction for it
- 1.5.5. Harmonised rules are needed for risk communication in the market
- 1.5.6. Understanding complex innovation Systems improves the ability to be innovative
- 1.5.7. Risk reduction too has to contend with conflicts of objectives
- 1.5.8. Dealing with the "lack of knowledge" is a key to innovation -extended risk management is required
- 1.5.9. Guiding principles may provide orientation but may also be misleading
- 1.5.10. Simple rules for risk management are needed
- 1.5.11. The entire range of opportunities to exert influence by the state has to be exploited
- 2. Initial Situation and analysis of deficits
- 2.1. Substitution of hazardous substances - introduction and definitions
- 2.2. The case of asbestos - introduction to the subject
- 2.3. New general framework conditions
- 2.3.1. Perception of environmental and health issues
- 2.3.2. Scientific range of instruments
- 2.3.3. From banning to range of control instruments
- 2.3.4. International integration
- 2.3.5. Substitution has priority - unfortunately not in practice
- 2.3.6. Enforcement deficits
- 2.3.7. Many substitution incentives originate from waste and waste water legislation
- 2.3.8. Markets and brands
- 2.3.9. Innovation
- 2.3.10. Trade
- 2.4. Characterisation of the current EU regulatory system
- 2.4.1. Instruments for substance evaluation and risk information
- 3. Approach to research and procedure
- 3.1. Starting point in innovation research (driven by occupational health and safety and environmental protection)
- 3.2. Hazardous substance substitution as an innovation process
- 3.3. Procedure used by SubChem
- 3.3.1. Research questions
- 3.3.2. Case studies, hypotheses, model: understanding of chemicals-related innovation systems
- 3.3.3. Guiding principles and management solutions: orientation for actors in the innovation system
- 3.3.4. Elements of intervening research? - Realisations and influencing against the background of reorganisation of European chemicals policy
- 4. Case study analysis and development of hypotheses
- 4.1. Evaluation and documentation of case studies
- 4.2. Summary of thirteen case studies
- 4.2.1. Case study "Water-based cleaning of metal surfaces"
- 4.2.2. Case study "Alternatives to reproduction-toxic plasticisers in plastics"
- 4.2.3. Case study "Biosoluble, man-made mineral fibres for insulation in structures"
- 4.2.4. Brief presentation of other case studies
- 4.3. Hypotheses as a means of detection and a form of result
- 4.3.1. Hypotheses - factors promoting and restricting substitution
- 5. Developing the model - being innovative in an innovation system
- 5.1. The framework for an innovation system
- 5.1.1. System inertia as the main barrier
- 5.1.2. Competition as the main driving force
- 5.1.3. The power of scandal
- 6. Dealing with lack of knowledge and uncertainties - a task for risk management
- 6.1. Direction of innovation - dealing with uncertainties and lack of knowledge
- 6.2. Putting the precautionary principle into practice
- 6.3. Substance development and technology design directed by guiding principles
- 6.4. Managing quality at the level of the supply chain
- 6.5. Evaluation of the workshops on extended risk management
- 6.5.1. Workshop "From recycling management systems to sustainable chemicals - models in chemicals development and substance policy"
- 6.5.2. Workshop "Quality and risk management - approaches for the integration of environmental and health aspects in corporate management"
- 7. Recommendations for action
- 7.1. Commercial institutions
- 7.2. State institutions
- 7.3. Consumers and society
- 8. Prospects and prospective questions
- Bibliography
- Table of figures and tables
- Glossary