The clinical neurobiology of the hippocampus : an integrative view /

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Bibliographic Details
Imprint:Oxford : Oxford University Press, c2012.
Description:xvi, 310 p. : ill. ; 28 cm
Language:English
Subject:
Format: Print Book
URL for this record:http://pi.lib.uchicago.edu/1001/cat/bib/9141654
Hidden Bibliographic Details
Other authors / contributors:Bartsch, Thorsten.
ISBN:9780199592388
0199592381
Notes:Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
Summary:The hippocampus plays a key role in various clinical conditions such as acute amnesic syndromes, Alzheimer's disease, temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), sleep disorders, stroke medicine encephalitis, depression, and schizophrenia. This book provides a comprehensive account of the role the hippocampus plays in disease.
Table of Contents:
  • List of Contributors
  • List of Abbreviations
  • Epigraphs
  • 1. Introduction: The Hippocampus in the Clinical Neurosciences
  • History of hippocampal research
  • Anatomical explorations
  • Involvement of the hippocampus in neurological and psychiatric diseases
  • Basic principles of the pathophysiology of the hippocampus
  • Functions attributed to the hippocampus
  • Structured the book
  • Outlook
  • 2. Functional Anatomy, Development, and Pathology of the Hippocampus
  • Introduction
  • Overall organization
  • Postnatal development
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Conclusion
  • 3. Amnesia and the Hippocampal Memory System
  • Introduction
  • Case H.M.
  • Spared learning in H.M. and other patients with hippocampal damage
  • What are the fundamental features of declarative and procedural memory?
  • Temporally graded retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation
  • Recent challenges about the defining features of declarative memory and their role in amnesia
  • 4. Selective Neuronal Vulnerability in the Hippocampus: Relationship to Neurological Diseases and Mechanisms for Differential Sensitivity of Neurons to Stress
  • Importance of the hippocampus in learning, memory, and neurological diseases
  • The concept of selective neuronal vulnerability in the central nervous system
  • Focus on selective neuronal vulnerability in the hippocampus
  • Mechanisms of selective neuronal vulnerability
  • Concluding ideas
  • 5. Stress and the Hippocampus
  • Introduction
  • Pulsatility of basal HPA axis activity
  • Stress-induced HPA axis activity
  • MR- and GR-mediated behavioural effects
  • Neuroendocrine regulation
  • Morphology
  • Network function
  • Molecular effects
  • MR and GR polymorphisms
  • Early life experience
  • Implication for diseases of the hippocampus
  • 6. Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis: Functional Implications of a 'New' Type of Plasticity
  • Introduction: adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus
  • Theories of hippocampal function
  • Experimental evidence for a functional role of adult neurogenesis
  • Conclusion
  • 7. Imaging the Hippocampus
  • Introduction
  • Hippocampal neuroanatomy for neuroimaging
  • Brief history of hippocampal neuroimaging
  • Imaging and quantifying hippocampal and MTL cortical anatomy
  • Imaging task-related hippocampal and MTL cortical function
  • Imaging hippocampal perfusion and metabolism
  • Imaging hippocampal connectivity
  • Molecular imaging of the hippocampus
  • Imaging hippocampal plasticity
  • Ex vivo hippocampal imaging
  • Technical advances and future directions
  • 8. Sleep, Memory, and the Hippocampus
  • Introduction
  • Basic facts about sleep
  • Behavioural evidence for a favourable effect of sleep on declarative memories
  • The synaptic downscaling hypothesis
  • The hypothesis of a hippocampo-neocortical dialogue during sleep
  • Hippocampal activity during immediate post-training wakefulness
  • 9. The Ageing Hippocampus
  • Introduction
  • Cross-species cognitive ageing
  • Spatial memory
  • Neuroanatomical changes in the hippocampus
  • Biophysical properties of aged neurons
  • Electropjiysiological measures of connectivity
  • Neural plasticity
  • Age-related changes in gene expression
  • Dynamic alterations of Arc transcription-treatment approaches
  • Dynamics of aged neural ensembles
  • Summary
  • 10. Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Neurodevelopmental outcome in children born preterm and the hippocampus
  • Febrile seizures and hippocampal sclerosis
  • Embryo fetal alcohol syndrome
  • Effects of cocaine on the developing hippocampus
  • Autism spectrum disorder
  • Angelman syndrome
  • Down syndrome
  • Fragile X syndrome
  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
  • Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
  • Conclusions
  • 11. The Hippocampus in Neurological Disease
  • The vulnerability of the hippocampus in neurological disease
  • MRI correlates of hippocampal damage
  • Hippocampal ischaemia
  • Anoxic encephalopathy
  • Limbic encephalitis
  • Epilepsy, status epilepticus, and postictal changes
  • Traumatic brain injury
  • Hypoglycaemic encephalopathy
  • Transient global amnesia
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • 12. Alzheimer's Disease
  • Introduction
  • Alzheimer's disease
  • Structural MRI
  • Functional MRI
  • Hippocampal structure and function in AD and MCI
  • Concluding remarks
  • 13. Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and the Hippocampus
  • Introduction
  • Mesial temporal sclerosis and epileptogenicity
  • Clinical picture
  • Electroencephalographic findings
  • Neuroimaging in temporal lobe epilepsy
  • Nuclear neuroimaging with positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
  • Treatment
  • 14. The Hippocampus and Post-Traumatic Disorders
  • Trauma spectrum psychiatric disorders
  • Effects of stress on the hippocampus
  • Hippocampal function in PTSD
  • Glucocorticoids and the hippocampus
  • Hippocampal and other glucocorticoid receptor expression as risk factors for PTSD
  • Functional neuroimaging studies of the hippocampus in PTSD
  • Hippocampus and pharmacotherapy for PTSD
  • Summary and conclusions
  • 15. The Hippocampus in Major Depression
  • Introduction
  • Regional morphological variation in the hippocampus in MDD
  • Can hippocampal dysregulation be linked to MDD?
  • Clinical and demographic variables influencing hippocampal volumes in MDD
  • Biological mechanisms that may contribute to small hippocampal volume in MDD
  • The clinical relevance of small hippocampal volumes in MDD
  • Evidence that treatment for MDD may have an impact on hippocampal volumes
  • Summary
  • 16. Schizophrenia
  • Epidemiology and aetiology of schizophrenia
  • Symptoms of schizophrenia with focus on cognitive deficits
  • Hippocampus and cognition in schizophrenia
  • The hippocampus and schizophrenia: findings from MRI studies
  • The hippocampus and schizophrenia: findings from structural postmortem studies
  • From behaviour to the molecular basis of hippocampal alterations in schizophrenia
  • Functional role of schizophrenia risk genes in the hippocampus
  • Influence of antipsychotics on the hippocampus
  • Author Index
  • Subject Index