Hidden Bibliographic Details
| Other authors / contributors: | International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Department.
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| ISBN: | 1484364783
9781484364789
9781484365052
1484365054
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| ISSN: | 1018-5941
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| Notes: | "May 2015."
"Fiscal Affairs."
Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-45).
Online resource; title from pdf title page (IMF.org Web site, viewed May 7, 2015).
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| Summary: | This paper reviews trends in taxation and revenue in MENA countries over 1990-2012, with a focus on non-resource taxes. On average, non-resource revenues declined slightly, while resource revenues soared. Country experiences vary: rates of main taxes and their revenues tend to be higher in the Magreb than in the Mashreq, except for the value-added tax, where lower rates are associated with equal or higher revenue; most oil producers raise little tax revenues---generally less than 5 percent of GDP---and most have reduced them since the late 1990s. But there are similarities: unlike common experience around the world, income taxes (not indirect taxes) have partially compensated for lost revenue from trade liberalization; revenues from indirect taxes have remained stable; personal income taxes have played an unimportant role as a revenue tool; and fees and stamp duties are significant revenue sources. Looking forward, tax reform challenges will also vary across countries: the Maghreb needs to focus on efficiency-enhancing reforms, especially in capital income and consumption taxes; the Mashreq have some room to increase revenue; and, there are ample opportunities to improve equity and reduce complexity of tax systems in all countries. Finally, the recent decline in oil prices and revenues is a reminder that even resource-rich GCC countries need to lay the basis of a tax system for the future. --Abstract.
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| Other form: | Print Version: Mansour, Mario. Tax Policy in MENA Countries : Looking Back and Forward. Washington, D.C. : International Monetary Fund, 2015. 9781484364789
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| Standard no.: | 10.5089/9781484364789.001
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